History of Kuwait

The independent history of Kuwait began in the 18th century. Since the 7th century, Islamic, 1756 Scheichtum Kuwait was established by the dynasty of the as- Sabah, after the tribe had settled the area since 1716. That Scheichtum was under the suzerainty of the Ottomans. After the Ottomans in the 19th century tried strengthened their supremacy actually enforce, Kuwait was a British protectorate in 1899 and broke away from the Ottomans. After 1919, the Saudi Wahhabis led several campaigns against Kuwait. Only in 1940 Kuwait was recognized by Saudi Arabia. Already in 1939 assumed the title of Emir Sheikh Ahmad Al- Jaber Al -Sabah ( 1921-1950 ).

After 1938 large oil deposits were discovered, the land rose after the Second World War, the largest oil producers in the Persian Gulf. With the large revenue to modernize the country and the establishment of a social system has been funded. 1960 Kuwait with Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela was a founding member of OPEC. Under Sheikh Abdullah al- Salim al- Sabbah (1950-1965) in Kuwait in 1961 independently. In order to prevent an Iraqi annexation, the Arab League sent a Inter Arab security force to protect Kuwait.

Although independence was recognized in 1963 by Iraq to Kuwait had to defend against Iraqi territorial claims in the subsequent period and over again. 1973 annexed Iraq those border areas, which the British had in 1915 passed from the Ottoman Empire in Kuwait. 1981 Kuwait was a founding member of the Gulf Cooperation Council. During the first Gulf War between Iran and Iraq ( 1980-1988 ) Kuwait supported Iraq financially very strong. However, since 1987, there was increased tension when Iraq demanded the cancellation of the debt and the assignment of some islands of Kuwait.

Kuwait was occupied by Iraqi troops and annexed after a short puppet rule Alaa Hussein Ali on August 8, August 2, 1990. Then the country was reconquered by an international coalition led by the United States ( January 15 to February 27, 1991), corrected the border again in favor of Kuwait.

In the following years some democratic reforms were introduced, however, to the absolute power of Sabah clan changed little. Since 1996, Islamic and fundamentalist parties have the majority in parliament. 2003 Kuwait was the starting point for the invasion of U.S. troops in Iraq.

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