Hoà ng Liên National Park
22.1439103.5334Koordinaten: 22 ° 8 ' 38 "N, 103 ° 32' 0" E
The National Park Hoàng Liên ( vietn. Vuon Quốc gia Hoàng Liên ) is located in the Lao Cai mountain range in the northwestern border region of Vietnam and covers the districts of Sa Pa Lao Cai province and Than Uyen and part of Phong Tho province Lai Châu.
History
The National Park was established on 12 July 2002 by the Decree of the Prime Minister 90/2002/QĐ-TTg. Since 1986 there has been a nature reserve (Decree no. 194/CT the Chairman of the Council of Ministers on 9 August 1986, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development MARD 1997), which was confirmed in 2003 by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre of UNEP. A part of the National Park was included in the category II of the conservation program of the IUCN. In 2006, the National Park has been recognized as ASEAN World Heritage Site.
Biodiversity
The park covers nearly 30 square kilometers of picturesque mountains and surrounds also the highest mountain in Vietnam, the 3143 m high Fan Si Pan. Due to its altitude is dominated by temperate to subtropical climates. The mountain forest vegetation provides a rich variety of birds (about 350 species, for example, the thrushes, parrots, green compacts and Kleiber ), mammals, reptiles, amphibians ( as rich as anywhere else in protected areas of Vietnam ) and insects. Many live exclusively in this region ( endemic ).
The vegetation is at altitudes 1000-2500 m regularly evergreen ( original ) forest. At higher altitudes, only dwarf bamboo and trees of the coppice are encountered. Below 1000 m, the forest was regularly cleared to make way for human settlements and villages. In addition, over 2000 different plant species can be detected. 66 of which are on the Red List of endangered plants. About 700 plant species are used in the indigenous medicine.
Endangering
Deforestation generally a serious environmental problem in Vietnam, captured in the deeper levels also among the Hoang Lien National Park. Not change until today reforestation projects and export bans on raw wood (Decree of 1992) not much. On average, more than 50 % of the forest resources have been destroyed since 1943.