Ignaz von Born

Ignaz Edler von Born ( born December 26, 1742 in Karl Castle, Transylvania, † July 24, 1791 in Vienna ) was a mineralogist, geologist, Freemasons in the Age of Enlightenment.

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Life

Ignaz von Born was the son of an officer and mining entrepreneur. When his parents died, he entered in 1757 the Jesuit Order, but he left again in 1762. Born studied subsequently in Prague jurisprudence, then privately Mining Sciences and in 1769 the assessor Colonel chamber Count Office in Schemnitz, 1770 at the Supreme coin and Bergmeister Office in Prague. 1776, he went to Vienna and cataloged in 1778 Naturalienkabinett the mussels and snails. He was then set at the Exchequer, made ​​important improvements in the mining industry and developed a new Amalgamierungsmethode for separating gold and silver from ores.

Born was the code name of Furius Camillus Member of Adam Weishaupt's Illuminati order. In 1770 he was admitted to the three winning columns in Prague in the Masonic Lodge in 1781 he became a member and on March 9, 1782 Worshipful Master of the Viennese Masonic Lodge True Harmony. As such, he took Angelo Soliman, the former "House Moors " of the Prince of Liechtenstein to the box on. In 1774 Born was elected a member of the Scholars Academy Leopoldina.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was not a member of Born's box, but the Schwesterloge to charity, in which his friend Otto Heinrich von Gemmingen -Hornberg Stuhlmeister was and was received by him on December 14, 1784. Mozart visited regularly but the Viennese Masonic Lodge True Harmony and was promoted from Born on January 7, 1785 the journeyman level. Also Born undertook the recording of Leopold Mozart.

After the Illuminati was banned in 1784 by the Bavarian government, Born came out in protest of the Munich Academy of Sciences.

On December 11, 1785, Emperor Joseph II issued the so-called Masonic patent, which limited the number of lodges and demanded the official message of the members. As a result Borns Lodge was part of the Sammelloge Under Fire, initially acted in the Born as Worshipful Master. As tensions grew larger in his box, put Born on September 12, 1786 his offices, and the Lodge finally broke up in April 1789.

Not only bitterness about the development of Freemasonry, but also major health problems were cause for the resignation Born: He had suffered a serious chronic disease in a mining accident that forced him to taking strong painkillers and have led to a slow death by poisoning could.

The first performed on 30th September 1791 the opera The Magic Flute should be understood as allegorical and popular portrayal of Enlightenment ideals of Freemasonry, with Ignaz von Born was the model for the wise Sarastro. Mozart's librettist Emanuel Schikaneder was in 1791 member of the Regensburg Loge Carl to the three keys after he had already in 1788 made ​​the application for membership.

The mineral bornite was named 1845 by Ignaz von Born. 1975 named to the Ignaz- Born- way in Vienna Hietzing after him.

More people within Born were Aloys Blumauerstraße, Johann Baptist von Alxinger, Joseph Franz Ratschky, Gottlieb Leon, Joseph von Retzer, Tobias Gebler, Johann Leonhard Reinhold Pezzl and Carl.

Works (selection)

Works on Mineralogy and Geology ( in chronological order )

  • Lithophylacium Bornianum. 2 vols. Gerle, Prague 1772-1775.
  • Index rerum naturalium musei Caesarei Vindobonensis. Directory of natural rarities of kk Natural Curiosities Cabinets of Vienna. Volume 1: Testacea. Kraus, Vienna 1778 ( more not published ) (reprint: sl, Nabu Press 2010, ISBN 978-1-149-41770-6 ).
  • About the Anquicken the gold - and silver- ores, raw stones, black copper and iron supply. Wappler, Vienna 1786.
  • Published in cooperation with Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich von Trebra: Mining Engineering. 2 vols. Goeschen, Leipzig from 1789 to 1790.
  • Catalogue raisonne méthodique et de la collection of fossil de Mademoiselle Eleonore de Raab. 2 vols. Alberti, Vienna 1790.

Pseudonymous works ( in chronological order )

  • The Staatsperüke. Ghelen, Vienna in 1773.
  • Joannis Physiophili specimen monachologiae methodological Linnaeana. Merz, Augsburg 1783 ( German: P. Ignaz Lojola Kuttenpeitscher, from the former Society of Jesus: view the latest natural history of monasticism Austria (ie:. Lindau, Munich) 1783).

Documentation

Radio programs and podcast

  • The geologist and Masonic Ignaz von Born dies. A podcast contribution of the radio station Bayern 2 from the series radio know - The calendar sheet of 24 July 2008 on Podcast.de
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