Inline skates
Inline skates ( rollerblades also, this is actually a brand name ) are a variant of roller skates, in which the rollers are arranged in a row ( engl. in-line). The in-line skate is composed of a shoe, and a rail which is firmly connected to the sole, and mounted in ball-bearing plastic wheels ( rolls) which are secured by means of shafts to the rail. Driving with it is called inline skating and can be used both in a sporting activity as well as practical everyday use are made.
- 2.1 diameter
- 2.2 hardness
Types of inline skates
Hard boot skates
Hardboots consist mainly of hard materials. In Hardboots a hard outer shell made of plastic surrounds a soft liner that cushions the foot. Hard boots are usually heavier than soft boots. Some hard boots can be adjusted by heating the plastic to the individual foot. Hard boots are mainly in the area of the street and stunt Inlineskatens popular because they offer more support compared to soft boots. However, can also be found in the soft boots Street and stunt area.
Soft boot skates
Soft boots are mainly composed of soft materials. Here is essentially meeting the material required to support the foot and cushion. In the 90s, sat in the gym the soft boots because of their ease, and their designs through. In contrast to the aggressive skates they have brake pads generally at the heel of the shoe.
A special version of the soft boots are step-in skates (eg from Hypno, Powerslide or Rossignol ): Here you can remove the rails with wheels and brakes and use the shoes as street shoes, for example, to shops or transport to enter, in which the use of liners is prohibited or impractical.
Hockey skates
Hockey skates are made of a hard, taken over by the ice hockey boot with a hard toe, in which instead of the runner inline rail is under construction. For them, no brake pads are installed, as well as the braking process when inline (skater ) hockey is similar to ice hockey brakes.
Typically, the shoes have four casters ( only for small Bambini sizes, there is a three-role variant), which often are larger for a more agile game from front to back. Thus, the heel is a little higher and the player comes in an easy template to implement an optimal departure.
Speed skates
Speed skates are special inline skates, which allow for higher speeds due to their design and are used in racing. Special feature of the speed skates is the low height of the boot, which only extends to the ankle. Characterized a higher flexibility is given in the ankle area, which is necessary for the rollers on the outer and inner roller edges. Only by techniques such as double- push can be performed technically clean.
They also stand out because of their lightweight design - often carbon fiber is used for the shoe - and longer aluminum rails (frame) out. The longer rails are used to hold four rolls with a relation to the fitness area larger diameter of 100 mm ( increasingly also 110 mm), previously also rails were run with five reels, the diameter of the rollers was here first 76 mm, then 80 and 84 mm and 90 mm later.
The use of materials such as aluminum and magnesium for the rail ensures better stability at higher speeds and heavier loads in the turns. According to international regulations up to six roles are allowed in a maximum of 500 mm frame. The maximum roll size is generally limited to 110 mm.
In addition to the standard classical shoe sorted by shoe sizes find Custom-Made-/Custom-Fit-Schuhe (custom made, for example, a plaster cast of the feet or measurement by laser ) use. In addition, there are shoes (Carbon), which can be adapted within certain limits related material by heating to the foot.
Street or Aggressive Skates
Street or aggressive skates inline skates are special, the " harder " extra for, demanding skating been made are such as for jumps, half pipes, ramps, slides, slalom, stairs and similar driving driving. One calls this type of driving also freestyle skating or Aggressive Skating
In general, there are also good all-rounder that will be applied thanks to its maneuverability even for inline hockey, basketball and the like as well as entry level, since they are still comfortable to wear despite the high stability. In order to obtain a greater mobility, most skates have in this region a high-low - system, that is, the rolls have different diameters. Either the first two rollers is less ( or even the first ), which is often seen in hockey field, or the first and last role are each smaller than the two middle ( Banana setup; oooo ), which is often used for slalom, since the maneuverability even backwards is better now.
The role of size at Aggressive skates is usually between 50 mm and 60 mm, where the roles are relatively hard. The inner rollers are the same size as the outer ( Flat), smaller and much harder ( anti- rocker wheels), or replaced by a special block ( Freestyle ). This serves to better grind. This slippage is meant by skates on railings, curbs or similar. Next come Aggressive skates on so-called soulplates. These are compared with the normal -line skates relatively large reinforced areas to either side of the frame. A distinction between inner and outer soulplates soulplates, which are usually larger. The soulplates also serve to better grind and above all to increase the diversity trick. The latest development is the so-called "V- Cuff- cut", which allows for more flexibility in the skates.
Grind Wheels
The person sitting in the middle of small wheels is called Grind Wheels. These have the sense to make it easier to grind ( slipping on stair rails or Rails). Grind Wheels are smaller and harder than the other wheels of the skate. This has the advantage that it does not remain so quickly hanging on the rod, and if you touch the rod but with the roles, you will not be slowed down so as with the original wheels and can keep your balance better.
Nowadays, however, not only frames with Grindweels be produced, but also the so-called freestyle frames. These frames have no Grind roles, but a particularly large groove. This means: You can use it to grind very thick rails or ledges.
Offroad-/Cross-Skates
Several vendors have designed and offered, which can also be used in mild to moderate terrain off-road or cross-skates in a manageable framework. Main difference to conventional inline skates are the large air-filled rollers which are usually fixed before and behind the shoe and to ensure the off-road capability. Manufacturers were or are, among others, Roces, Rollerblade, or currently on the market, Powerslide and skike. Most skates together with sticks used ( Nordic ( Cross) Skating ), which is especially helpful to less good surfaces or steep gradients, to get propulsion, but also because of the principal other driving behavior with only two roles will be useful.
Roll
Diameter
For the different uses of inline skates each specific role sizes are used. When stunt skating the skater used small wheel sizes from 54 to 60 mm. In contrast, more roles are used with a size of 74 and 90mm for normal driving fun.
In the area of speed skating the roller diameter of 76 mm formerly developed more than 80 mm and 84 mm from the today most driven 100 mm. Some races also 110 mm wheels are driven. Occasionally there were also models with 88 mm, 90 mm and 104 mm.
In the area of Inline-/Skaterhockeys the roll sizes start at 47 mm for goalies, while players shoes often have 2 or even 3 different sizes have up to about 80 mm.
Hardness
The role of hardness is determined and specified by the hardness test Shore A (DIN 53505 ). Usually roles in Shore hardness range of 76A ( soft) to 90A (hard) are used.
Depending on the discipline following hardening are common:
- Inline Speed Skating Address: 82A to 86A fast driving and long skate tours with low rolling resistance
- Railway: 85A to 90A
Bearing
Inline skate bearings are often classified with the ABEC scale ( acronym for Annular Bearing Engineering Committee ). In ascending quality distinction between ABEC 1, ABEC 3, ABEC 5, ABEC 7, ABEC 9, ABEC ABEC 10 and 11 is
In practice, (dirt, moisture, shocks ) at low to medium speeds for inline skating are the ABEC classes of little relevance, as they only pretend to manufacturing tolerances, but say nothing about durability or smooth running of the camp for the rigorous demands. They are in particular no information about the quality of the materials, lubrication or even friction losses. For the in-line skating the code thus has a secondary importance.
In -line skating area only find ball bearings in two sizes use: the larger and most used bearing the designation 608 ( internal diameter d = 8 mm, outer diameter D = 22 mm, width = 7 mm), the smaller so-called micro bearing the number sequence 688 (d = 8 mm, D = 16 mm, width = 5 mm). These designations are summarized in more detail in DIN 623, the additional features of rolling bearings lists (for example, the prefix S for a stainless steel bearing or a suffix 2RS for double sided contact seals ). Since bearings for inline skates are standard bearings with industrial enterprises signatories, can they acquire not only in the skate retailers, but also in industrial supplies trade. A special role full ceramic bearings, which make do entirely without lubrication, but also are very expensive.
For the lubrication of the bearing to bearing grease has been proven from the motor vehicle accessories. It is durable and waterproof. Fat -filled bearings are generally closed on both sides and therefore low maintenance. This makes them ideal for use in the leisure Kate sector can not be achieved at the high speeds. However, new bearings with grease must first be run over a distance of about 50 to 100 km, to develop their final operating characteristics. Ambitious leisure and speed skaters, however, prefer oil-lubricated bearings that run significantly lighter than greased bearings and need not be retracted. During operation the oil is, however, thrown out partly from the bearing cage, the bearings must often, especially in humid conditions, lubricated, and are also completely cleaned. For oil lubrication oils and a variety of special funds will be used by " Caramba " and " WD -40 " on sewing machine oil to special speed oils. A middle ground between pure oil and grease lubrication gels provide dar. With gel -lubricated bearings do not run quite as easily as oil-lubricated bearings, but their filling must also occasionally be renewed.
Cleaning can be most effective ball bearings in mineral spirits, kerosene, cleaner or diesel fuel. However, these are hazardous to health or toxic and problematic in the waste under certain circumstances. A bath in motor oil also cleans, but less thoroughly. For household cleaning detergent has proven itself in combination with hot water for the cleaning of oil-lubricated bearings.
The company now has the so-called TWINCAM ILQ bearings ( InLine Qualified ) specifically designed for skating, containing instead of the usual 7 balls only 6 balls. In addition, there is also the less common ball bearing classes SG by Rollerblade and skate Rated by Bones Bearings. The ABEC bearings but can not directly compare it to. A change from ABEC to ILQ, SG or "Skate Rated" camps is due to the dimensions ( usually 608) without any problems.
History
Roller skates have been around since about in 1760. Was invented by Jean -Joseph Merlin. Even then, roller skates were presented at a ball in London - with wheels one behind the other. Over time models were developed one after the other continuously with rollers. It was not until 1850 ( an unknown London could be 1852, the first roller skates with four wheels patented ), the roller skates - also known as quads - developed and brought to market. Until then, roller skates were always of the wheel assembly inline skates. Rollerskates bring several advantages.
Around 1990, the inline skates came back onto the market. Hockey players in the United States needed a training device for the summer, from this intention out the inline skates have been newly developed. The company Rollerblade took up the trend and marketed it extensively in the mass market. All modern inline skates are thus inspired by Rollerblade, which also led to the colloquial name, but are inline skates to be significantly older than the quads with the 2 × 2- wheel assembly. In the early 1980s trained the successful American speed skater Eric Heiden and his sister Beth in summer with roller skates whose roles were arranged in a line.
Brakes
Be curbed inline skates usually with a rubber stopper on the heel or by cross points of a foot or both feet.
The company Rollerblade has also offered a system called Active Brake Technology. Here, the leg via a lever pushes the stopper on the ground while the foot is moved forward. This method has the advantage that it can hold all rolling on the floor and easier stays on track for the uncertain novice drivers at low speed. For higher speeds stoppers are much more effective with a higher ground clearance, because they allow a greater angulation of the foot, and a better power transfer. Other Offered brake systems worked with mounted on the axis of a roller friction, which should slow down the role in a particular foot position. These have never been enforced and have disappeared from the market.
The braking techniques, see also: Brake products in -line skating.
Risks
Since the joints are loaded, there are health risks. Even when bending over can cause injury.