Inosine

• I ( short code )
• 9- β -D - Ribofuranosylhypoxanthin
• 9 - [( 2R, 3R, 4S, 5R ) -3,4- dihydroxy-5- (hydroxymethyl) oxolane -2-yl ] -3H -purin- 6-one
• Hypoxanthosin
• Atorel

• D06BB05
• G01AX02
• S01XA10

White powder

Immunostimulant

Fixed

222-226 ° C

Poorly in water ( 2.1 g · l-1 at 20 ° C)

> 20 g · kg -1 ( LD50, mouse, oral)

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Inosine is a nucleoside of rare RNA. It consists of the β -D - ribofuranose (sugar ) and the hypoxanthine, a base which has a purine basic structure as that arises as an intermediate product of purine metabolism.

Properties

In the tRNA inosine pairs in the anticodon as a nucleotide in the wobble position of cytidine, uridine and adenosine.

The so-called RNA editing adenosine can be converted to inosine by the enzyme ADAR ( adenosine deaminase acting on RNA).

Inosine used in the design of degenerate primers for the polymerase chain reaction. It serves as a "neutral " base that can enter into pairs with all four bases. However, the pairing is energetically slightly unfavorable in all four cases and not for all four base pairs the same. The best pairing is discussed with cytosine, followed by adenine. The pairing with guanine and thymine are both about the same energy and the least favorable.

Use

Inosine is currently being tested for use in patients with Parkinson's disease. The intermediate in purine metabolism is partially converted in the body into uric acid. A high level of uric acid could be associated with a slower progression of Parkinson's disease.

The Phase 2 study was able to show now that it comes under treatment no serious side effects, even when high levels of uric acid in theory run the risk of gout, kidney stones and increased cardiovascular risk. The study showed no increased risk during the inosine treatment for all three diseases.

Trade names

Delimmun (D), Isoprinosine (D)