Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle
The Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC, German: Combined process integrated gasification ) is a gas - and -steam process with upstream fuel gasification.
Method
The primary fuel such as coal, biomass or waste is converted (approximately λ between 0.2 and 0.4 ) in a gasifier substoichiometrically to energy-rich fuel gas. The efficiencies ( cold gas efficiency ) be in advanced plant technology about 80 %.
Examples of carburetors are the
- Chevron - Texaco ( GE Energy )
- The E-Gas ( ConocoPhillips )
- Transport Reactor ( Kellogg Brown & Root )
- SCGP (Shell)
- GSP / Noell (Siemens)
- PWR ( Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne )
The resulting raw gas is cooled in the waste heat from the exothermic gasification process being introduced into the water-steam circuit of the plant. Then, the raw gas is cleaned and runs through desulphurisation ( Rectisolverfahren, Claus process, Selexol ), filters, and other units. At this point the gas is burned in a gas turbine, wherein the combustion chamber is integrated into the turbine housing.
Alternatively can be in addition to the electricity from the synthesis gas also generate material products, such as pure hydrogen, methanol, fuels or synthetic natural gas.
The waste heat is used for evaporating liquid in a secondary circuit. The steam itself is sent and relaxed through a steam turbine. The residual heat can be fed into a Wärmeübertragernetzwerk (internal, etc.) The plants reach efficiencies of up to 60 % without and a fuel efficiency of up to 80% with waste heat recovery. For further technical details of the process according to the combined cycle gasification see.
In 1972, the first IGCC plant was constructed and operated ( Lunen, Germany) with the Lurgi gasification process. Later, more were added, including Cool water Buggenum (Netherlands), Puertollano (Spain ) and Wabash River and Tampa in the USA.
The first biomass-based IGCC plant ( BIGCC ) was built in Värnamo (Sweden) and successfully operated. However, the system was later converted for research purposes and set the BIGCC operation. 2006 was reported by a new BIGCC plant in Bahia ( Brazil). 2009 is the first Chinese IGCC power plant to be built in Tianjin.