Iris pallida
Dalmation Iris (Iris pallida ssp. Pseudopallida ) with Petteria ramentacea in its natural habitat in the high karst of Montenegro
The bleaching iris (Iris pallida ), also Dalmatian iris, bearded iris is an endemic coastal highlands of Dalmatia in Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro and Herzegovina.
Description
Iris pallida is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches the plant height of 50 to 80 cm. The upright stem is round and slightly branched. The leaves are distichous riding. The perianth is creamy white, sometimes brown veined with irregular small purple dots and the bottom. The beard is yellow on the outer perianth, the stamens as long as the dust bag. The bracts are trockenhäutig at the edge.
The bleaching iris contains the bicyclic triterpene Iripallidal, which belongs to the same family as paclitaxel. The compound induces apoptosis in various tumor cell lines, has anti -proliferative and inhibits the AKT/mTOR- and STAT3 signaling pathway. Iripallidal therefore has a high pharmacological potential, especially as a potential treatment of glioblastomas.
Occurrence and distribution
Iris pallida comes from the summer dry karst areas in Dalmatia, Montenegro, Herzegovina, Slovenia and Albania. Individual populations were also described from the Croatian inland. In nature, Iris pallida grows agg. from the coast and the offshore islands to higher levels in the Mountains ( Orjen Lovčen, Prokletija ). They inhabited dry grassland and rocky sites in a sunny location.
The bleach sword lily is now cultivated in many areas, including for the perfume industry in Italy and France.
System
There are other subspecies, which are considered by some authors as distinct species.
In addition to the nominate form are the
- Iris pallida ssp. illyrica
- Iris pallida ssp. cengialti
- Iris pallida ssp. pseudopallida
A closely related, but separate species is the Orjen iris (Iris orjenii ) ..