Isatis

Woad ( Isatis tinctoria )

Woad ( Isatis ) is a plant genus of the family of cruciferous plants (Brassicaceae ). The genus Waid (from Old High German far: related to Latin " vitrum " [' woad ', ' the blue dye used plant ', ' blue color ', ' bluish glass ']) comprises about 50 species, but in Europe and northern Africa, are mostly located in Central and Southwest Asia.

  • 3.1 Notes and references

Description

Because of their highly variable morphology, in particular the Asian species are difficult to determine, as the only reliable diagnostic characteristic is the ripe fruit.

Vegetative characteristics

In Isatis species is a, (mostly) biennial or perennial herbaceous plants. They are often bluish hairy and hairless or downy. The upright stem is branched. The mostly alternate, standing in undergraduate rosettes or distributed on the stem leaves are petiolate or sessile. The leaf blades are elliptic -oblong, cordate to ovate -oblong or arrow- shaped. The leaf margin is smooth, toothed or rarely lobed.

Generative features

The usually racemose, paniculate inflorescences or rare schirmtraubigen are many flowered and increase significantly to fruit maturity. The flower stalks are bent back and thin at fruit maturity.

The hermaphrodite flowers are cruciform with a double perianth. The four sepals are ascending to erect. The four yellow, white or purple petals are at least as long as the sepals. You have six stamens with very small, ovate or oblong - round anthers. There are nectar glands present.

Each fruit, there can be little pods or pods is smooth or hairy fluffy and usually contains only one, rarely two seeds. The brownish, oblong- round seed is smooth.

System

The genus name Isatis was first published in 1737 by Carl Linnaeus in Hortus Cliffortianus Plantas exhibens Quas In Hortistam Vivis quam Siccis, Hartecampi in Hollandia, 341. The genus Isatis belongs to the tribe Isatideae in the family Brassicaceae.

There are about 50 species of Isatis (selection):

  • Isatis aucheri Boiss.
  • Isatis boissieriana Rchb. f
  • Isatis brevipes ( Bunge) Jafri
  • Isatis buschiana Schischk.
  • Isatis cappadocica Desv. ( Syn: Isatis steveniana Trautv. )
  • Isatis costata C.A.Mey.
  • Isatis djurdjurae Coss. & Durieu
  • Isatis emarginata Kar & Kir.
  • Isatis erzurumica P.H.Davis
  • Isatis gaubae Bornm.
  • Isatis glauca diver ex Boiss.
  • Isatis harsukhii O.E.Schulz
  • Isatis iberica Steven
  • Isatis kotschyana Boiss. & High.
  • Isatis lusitanica L. (syn.: Isatis aleppica Scop. )
  • Isatis minima Bunge
  • Isatis multicaulis ( Kar & Kir. ) Jafri
  • Isatis stocksii Boiss.
  • Woad ( Isatis tinctoria L.)
  • Isatis violascens Bunge: It is widely used in Sandy sandy deserts in southwestern Asia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and China's Xinjiang province.

Swell

  • Tai - Yien Cheo, Lianli Lu, Guang Yang, Ihsan Al- Shehbaz & Vladimir Dorofeev: Brassicaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 8, 2001, pp. 35-37: Isatis - Online. ( Description section )
  • SMH Jafri: Brassicaceae in the Flora of Pakistan Isatis - Online.
  • Ihsan A. Al - Shehbaz: Isatis in the Flora of North America, Volume 7, 2010, p 567: Online. ( Description section )
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