Isobutanol

  • I- butanol
  • Isobutanol
  • Isobutyl alcohol
  • 2- methyl propanol

Colorless liquid with an odor fuselölartigem

Liquid

0.80 g · cm -3

-107.8 ° C

108 ° C.

12 hPa ( 20 ° C)

  • Moderately in water ( 95 g · l-1 at 20 ° C)
  • Miscible with ethanol, diethyl ether and acetone,

1.3955 (20 ° C)

Risk

310 mg · m -3 and 100 mL · m-3

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

2-methyl- 1-propanol ( i-butanol or isobutanol, also ) is the group of alkanols which are, in turn, to the alcohols. Isobutanol occurs in fusel oil, for example.

Production and representation

Chemically you win isobutanol as well as 1- butanol by hydroformylation of propene or Hydrocarbonylation. In contrast to the production of 1-butanol is carried out here on with the other reaction product is hydrogenated and in which:

Isobutanol can be prepared with the aid of microorganisms engineered. Then it is similar to 1- butanol as a renewable biofuel.

Properties

Physical Properties

2-methyl -1-propanol is a colorless liquid that smells sweet. Like all butanols is 2-methyl -1-propanol combustible. You can mix any 2 -methyl -1-propanol with all common organic solvents such as ether, ethylene glycol, alcohols, ketones and aldehydes, but in water it is only sparingly soluble.

The compound is a number of other solvent azeotropically boiling mixtures. The azeotropic compositions and boiling points are given in the following table. No azeotropes are formed with methanol, ethanol, n -propanol, 2 -propanol, n -butanol, 2 -butanol, ethanediol, chloroform, acetone, dibutyl ether, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, DMSO, acetonitrile, and carbon disulfide.

Chemical Properties

Possible reactions of 2-methyl -1-propanol, the esterification to form an ester, the dehydrogenation to give an aldehyde, the oxidation to a carboxylic acid and the elimination of water to form an alkene.

Safety characteristics

2-methyl -1-propanol forms flammable vapor - air mixtures. The compound has a flash point of 27 ° C. The explosion range is between 1.7 vol - % (52 g/m3) as the lower explosive limit ( LEL) and 11 vol - % ( 340 g/m3 ) and upper explosive limit (UEL ). The maximum explosion pressure is 8.5 bar. The marginal gap width was determined to be 0.94 mm (50 ° C). The result is thus a mapping in the explosion group IIA. The ignition temperature is 430 ° C. The fabric falls within the temperature class T2.

Use

Use is 2-methyl -1-propanol derivatives as solvents in the synthesis of plasticizers, and esters, to be used as fragrance and flavor, but also as a solvent, diluent and additive in nitrocellulose lacquers, synthetic resins, detergents, printing inks and in fuel. Mostly it is used in the paint industry, and improves the properties of the coatings. Test, it is also already used in long-distance motor racing as fuel.

CAS registry number PubChem Vapor pressure Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC) N-Butanol Butyraldehyde Isopropyl alcohol 2-Butanol Hexane Cyclohexane Flammability limit Overpressure Explosion protection American Le Mans Series CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
12171
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