Istiqlal Party
Istiqlal or Independence Party (Arabic حزب الاستقلال, DMG Hizb al - Istiqlal, French Parti de l' Istiqlal, PI ) is a major and the oldest political party in Morocco.
It is regarded as socio-politically conservative and nationalist, is the Centrists - Democrat International (CDI ) to.
The election symbol of the party is a balance.
History
The Istiqlal party was founded in 1944 by the Islamic jurists Allal al - Fassi as the first party in the country. She was first a überideologische, National Coalition Party of all the forces advocating the independence of Morocco. Their leaders were arrested in 1952 by the French protectorate of Justice. The national movement for independence was, however, with the support of the Sultan Mohammed Ben Yussef ( later King Mohammed V ), so strong that France Morocco 1956 had granted independence. Then Istiqlal had the character of a dominant ruling party. The party leadership approached heavily on King Mohammed V.. The left wing under Mehdi Ben Barka, who was for more government intervention in the economy and distance to the U.S., partly for Marxist ideas, therefore in 1959 broke away and formed the National Union of Popular Forces ( UNFP ).
During the quasi- absolutist reign of Hassan II in 1961 winning the Istiqlal party but then as the UNFP argued for more control rights of the constitutional bodies. 1965 the king put the constitution and dissolved parliament permanently. Istiqlal and UNFP joined together to opposition alliance Al- Kutla Al Wataniya ( National Coalition ). The referendum on the legitimacy of the imposed Hassan II Constitution of 1970 she boycotted. Istiqlal members acted decisively in Ligue Marocaine pour la Défense de l' Homme of Droits ( LMDDH; Moroccan League for the Defence of Human Rights) with which courted international attention in view of the violation of fundamental rights by the regime of Hassan.
The king supported multiply the creation of new parties that should the Istiqlal compete and weaken their position. From the civil society formed, populist parties such as Istiqlal and UNFP (or from 1975 which emerged from this Socialist Union of Popular Forces, USFP ) were Hassan suspect, because they made his claim to absolute power in question. This did not succeed in Istiqlal Party to win parliamentary majorities and it was a long time in opposition. In particular, they could not, as intended by it, some conservative middle class and educated Muslim traditional elite behind. In these it was perceived as a secular, western -influenced power despite their national-conservative program or even assigned to the left-wing intellectual camp.
Only in 1998, a year before the death of Hassan II, they came as part of a center-left coalition ( the reconstituted al - Kutla ) under the leadership Abderrahmane Youssoufis of the USFP back to the government. In the same year, Abbas al - Fassi, the son of the party founder, Allal al - Fassi, General Secretary of the party. In the 2002 elections, Istiqlal able to increase its share to 48 seats of the 325 seats and became the second strongest party. In 2007 she became the largest party with 52 seats. Your party leader Al- Fassi was then prime minister until 2011 a five-party coalition.
In the elections in November 2011, it was after the Islamic religious party of Justice and Development ( PJD ) the second largest party with 60 of the 395 seats now in the enlarged Parliament. The PJD formed a coalition government with the al - Kutla parties, including the Istiqlal, headed by the Secretary-General Abdelilah Benkirane, PJD. In September 2012, took over the mayor of Fez, Hamid Chabat, as successor al - Fassis the presidency of the Istiqlal Party. Under his leadership, they came into conflict with the PJD and Benkirane prime minister. After a dispute over the removal of subsidies, she moved in July 2013 from its ministers from the government.