Jainosaurus
- India ( Lameta Formation)
Jainosaurus is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the group of Titanosauria. Fossils date from the Upper Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian ) of India and close cranial bones and parts of the rest of the skeleton ( Postkranium ) with a. The only way is Jainosaurus septentrionalis.
While other Indian Titanosaurier as Titanosaurus are now considered invalid, Jainosaurus together with Isisaurus currently the only valid Titanosaurier genus from India.
Features
The body length is not known - one estimate indicates, however, that the skeleton found belonged to a 21.5 -meter-long animal. Like all sauropods had Jainosaurus a four-legged herbivore with a long neck and tail. From other Indian titanosaurs to Jainosaurus by the shape of the basal tuberosities ( appendages below the occipital condyle ) is distinguished by the orientation of the occipital condyle ( a condyles, which directed the skull with the first cervical vertebrae), and by the proportions of the humerus ( humerus) and the shoulder blade. As autapomorphies ( unique characteristics) two features of the skull are - contact between square leg and the basal tuberosities and the shape of Paroccipitalprozesses.
System
The relationships within the Titanosauria are unclear. Wilson and colleagues (2009 ) indicate that there has been a secondary ( modern ) Representatives of Titanosauria. According to these researchers Jainosaurus was closer with Titanosaurier genera from Madagascar and South America used as with other Indian species.
Fund, Research History and naming
Jainosaurus based on fragmentary skeletal remains, which were excavated in Bara Simla, a hill near Jabalpur in Madhya Pradesh, India. The same locality already contained the holotype material of Titanosaurus. Stratigraphically, the fossils come from the Lameta lineup, an important fossil site.
The Jainosaurus - bones were described in 1933 by Friedrich von Huene and Charles Matley first time scientifically, while they were stored temporarily in the 1930s at the Natural History Museum in London. These researchers attributed the bones of the genus Antarctosaurus to that described by von Huene previously from South America, and named the new way Antarctosaurus septentrionalis. While the name Antarctosaurus means " Not northern lizard" ( gr ant - ( anti) - "opposite", arktos - "north ", saura - " lizard" ), the Artepitheth plays septentrionalis (Latin septem - "seven", trio - " plow ox " ) to the seven brightest stars of the constellation Ursa Major, and had among the Romans the meaning "north ". Antarctosaurus septentrionalis actually means " southern lizard from the north " - von Huene and Matley chose this name probably to emphasize that this type was found in India, although the genus Antarctosaurus only from South America is otherwise known.
McIntosh (1990 ) showed that Antarctosaurus septentrionalis not closer with the South American Antarctosaurus - type species ( Antarctosaurus wichmannianus ) is related. Thus prepared Hunt and colleagues (1995 ) the nature to its own genus - Jainosaurus. The name honors the Jainosaurus Indian paleontologist Sohan Lal Jain. Published in 2009 Jeffrey Wilson and colleagues conducted a redescription of the finds.
The remains of Bara Simla include a fragmentary braincase and skull roof ( lectotype, copy number GSI K27/497 ) and isolated discovered bones of the rest of the skeleton, including rib fragments, a caudal vertebra, four chevron bones, shoulder blades, chest, leg, upper arm bone (humerus ), radius ( radius ) and Elle ( ulna ). From other Indian sites further discoveries of Jainosaurus have now been reported.