Jean Renart
Jean Renart (also Jehan Renart or Jean Renaut ) is an old French poet courtly poems and novels, who worked in the first half of the 13th century. He was born in the Ile de France and lived at the court of the Count of Boulogne. In a publication from 1999 Rita Lejeune leads to elements that seem to show that behind the pseudonym Jean Renart Hugues de Pierrepont, 1200-1229 Prince-Bishop of Liège, hides.
Work
L' Escoufle, a novel in verse in 1902, which was dedicated to a count of Hainaut, deals with the subject of frustrated love of the Father, connected to the theme of the predatory bird, a Milan, of a valuable object ( a ring - a pledge of love) stolen. Guillaume de Monti Villiers, son of the advisor of the Roman emperor, is Aenis, the daughter of the Emperor, I promise. After the death of Guillaume's father, the Emperor breaks his promise, and the young couple sets off on a flight to France. On the way snatches a Milan Guillaume a Aumônière - a filled Teigbeutel - the Aelis has first given to him and also contains a ring. Guillaume makes then to look for the bird. Long the lovers remain separated and find each other again after many changes of fortune back.
The Lai de l' Ombre, one consisting of 962 verses courtly novel, tells of a knight who is in love with a lady, but resists him and the ring refuses, he offers her. He then announces that he will give the object the ring, he loves just after her most and throws the ring into a well to the mirror image ( the shadows - l' ombre ) him to reach the lady who is in the water reflected. The lady seduced by this ingenious artifice, granted to the Knights now on their love.
Very much more famous of the Roman de la Rose ( The novel of the Rose), known under the name of Guillaume de Dole or William Dole, as he was called by the humanistic medievalists Claude Fauchet by one of the protagonists to confusion with the Roman de la Rose Guillaume de Lorris and Jean of de Meung to avoid. The story revolves around the theme of the bet to the chastity of a woman, including a historical background - the 1197-1218 through the death of Henry VI. triggered throne dispute in the Holy Roman Empire. Emperor Conrad falls due to a Trobadorlliedes in Liénor, the sister of William of Doles, but without having seen them before. He invites her brother to court, where this excels in a tournament. Now jealous of the newcomer Altknecht the Emperor turns to Dole. By a ruse he learns of Liénors mother an intimate detail about the young girl: On her legs this has a birthmark in the shape of a heart. Thus, the Altknecht say before the emperor that she had given herself to him. Liénor decides to unmask the impostor. She gives him a with a ring, a pin and a belt filled Teigbeutel come under the pretext that he was from a lady whom he had previously courted in vain. Then she goes to the court of the emperor and, pretends the Altknecht have transgressed against her and stolen her the items that she has him before send. The Altknecht swears now to have the young girl never seen before and Liénor reveals itself as the " spinster with the Rose " and thus converted the Altknecht, which you then send to a crusade. Then she married the Emperor. In this text, Jean Renart manifested by his allusions to real events of contemporary history, omitting wonderful items that were the Breton tradition peculiar to a quest for relevance, which directs the novel in the direction of realism. Renart is also the first author of the lyrical vocals weaves into the work that accompany the action and comment. This was soon adopted by other authors.
Assessment
" Both novels offer no fairytale story ( as the Breton romances ), but those who play in a familiar geography and familiar social environment. The protagonists are not waiting for knightly adventures they would have to exist, but live in a world where they have to take their lives into their own hands ... It can be seen [ ..] that nobility and the urban middle classes with each other, not against each other effect. Not for the ideology of the novels, but for lifestyle and taste of acting in them figures is characteristic that they are interested in literature. What is indicated in L' Escoufle only ( reading novels at Aelis ), is for the Guillaume de Dole strutrell and content constitutive: the court society or individuals singing old songs (they are in artful Kompostition in the text inserted ), dance to them or hear them. Dealing with literature (on characters and narrative level ) and the idelogische reorientation are obvious moments, which the author defines value. The distance to Chrétien's view is considerable. Note, however, that Jean Renarts courtly novels are novels in which courtly behavior and courtly norms are represented. "
" An elegant and aristocratic poet, whose work as a whole is characterized by the courtly sophistication ".
" Jean Renart is one of the most sensitive poets of his time; his authorship of the novel Fablieau Auberee and Waleran de Bretagne is controversial. "