Jerrahi
The Dscherrahi - Tariqa (Arabic الطريقة الجراحی, DMG al - Tariqa al - Ǧerrāḥī ) is one of the many Sufi brotherhoods ( Sufi orders ) within Islam and a branch of Halveti - Tariqa. Internationally, it is mainly under the spelling Jerrahi known in Turkey cerrahi. During the 20th century, the traditional order was converted to a cultural association for the care of the classical Sufi music.
History
Foundation
Founder and namesake is Hadrat Pir Nureddin al - Dscherrahi al - Halveti (* May 4, 1678; † July 28, 1721 ) from Istanbul ( in what was then the Ottoman Empire, and today Turkey). He was sent about 1703 to found his Sheikh Alauddin Kostendili after Karagümrük, a district on the European side of Istanbul, a branch of Halveti - Tariqa. Shortly thereafter, he opened there a Dergah (place of Dervish meetings, Turkish Tekke ).
From Pir Nureddin can be the " spiritual lineage " (Arabic Silsila ) about Ramazanuddin Mahfi ( † ca 1616), Hadrat Ahmad Shamsuddin Marmarawi ( † ca 1504), Pir Muhammad Erzinjani, Sayyid Yahya Shirvani ( † ca 1457 ) Pir Umar Halveti († 1347 ), Hadrat Ibrahim Zahid Gaylani, Hadrat Suhrawardi, Hadrat Junayd Baghdadi, Hasan al - Basri and Hadrat Imam Ali traced back to the Prophet Muhammad.
Modern Times
On September 2, 1925 came in the wake of secularization by the founder Atatürk an official ban by resolution of the large Turkish Grand National Assembly ( Büyük Türk Millî Meclisi ) came into force with which the maintenance of a Dervish center was illegal. At this time there were in Istanbul 14 tekkes of the Order. Nevertheless, the Dscherrahi - Tariqa was once secretly on. The former was Fahruddin Sheikh Efendi († 1966), the 18th successor Pir Nureddin.
After his death opened Muzaffer Efendi († 1985), the 19th successor of Pir Nureddin, the Tekke despite the continuing ban by Atatürk to the public. From now on, the Order learned again by stimulating feed; particularly from the late 1970s, in which Muzaffer Efendi until his death several trips to Western Europe and the U.S. undertook. In this way the Dscherrahi - Tariqa also helped that Sufism and the ceremony of the dhikr in a western audience gained a bit of notoriety.
On his visits to the USA Muzaffer Efendi met, among others on Lex Hixon, who then converted to Islam and became his pupil. Under the name of Nur al - Jerrahi this established a branch of the Dscherrahi - Tariqa called Only Ashki Jerrahi Sufi order, which to this day has a large number of followers in the United States and Mexico and teaches modern and universal perspective of Sufism.
To date (as of 2005) is the Dscherrahi - Tariqa still active in the sense of a musical and cultural association, the center is also still in the same place in Karagümrük. The original building of the Tekke, the Pir Nureddin was built in the early 18th century, his grave is housed, which has since been regarded as the Sanctuary devout Muslims. In addition, there are also the graves of all subsequent Dscherrahi - Sheikh.
In 1991 was founded with the support of Turkey's Ministry of Culture, the State Ensemble for Classical Turkish music. The weekly performances in the former Tekke be visited today also increasingly fond of tourists. Travel this ensemble led so far, among others to Europe and Japan.
Dissemination
Apart from the Dscherrahi - Tekke in Istanbul, the Order is still in the following countries (in part, these are also smaller spin-offs, which are only loosely connected to the Tekke in Istanbul):
- Europe:
- North America:
- South America: