JoaquÃn Sorolla
Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida ( born February 27, 1863 in Valencia, † August 10 1923 in Cercedilla ) was a Spanish painter and graphic artist of impressionism.
Life and work
After his parents died of cholera was originally from a humble background Sorolla y Bastida already with two years of full orphan. He grew up with his aunt Isabel, the mother of a sister. Her husband worked as a mechanic, a profession which the young Sorolla first should learn. The Director of Technical Training School recognized the talent for drawing Sorolla and convinced the relatives to allow addition of locksmith training a artistic training at the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Carlos de Valencia. At the age of 15, he attended drawing classes here the sculptor Cayetano Capuz and was under the influence of Francisco Domingo y Marqués, Ignacio Pinazo Camarlech and Emilio Sala Francés. On a trip to Madrid he met in 1881 in the Prado, the works of Velázquez and Ribera know whose paintings he copied.
Following successful exhibitions in Valencia in 1885 Sorolla obtained a grant from the Provincial Parliament. This allowed him an extended period of study in Rome, where he became a pupil of Francisco Pradilla y Ortiz. In the same year Sorolla first traveled to Paris and saw there impressionist painting that influenced his painting style sustainable. In 1888 he married in Valencia Clotilde García, the sister of his former classmate at the Academy of San Carlos, Juan Antonio García. The first year of marriage lived Sorolla with his wife in Assisi, Italy. From this marriage the children María Clotilde (1890) Joaquin (1892 ) and Elena (1895 ) went out.
After his final return to his native Spain to Sorolla settled in Madrid. First Sorolla painted historical subjects and turned to the realism. With the painting Otra Margarita in 1892 he could reach the first big success. In the following years he took part in numerous international exhibitions and received major awards. His painting Return of the fishermen he a successful exhibition at the Paris Salon, whereupon it ankaufte the French State. At the Paris World Fair of 1900 he received a medal of honor. 1906 he was appointed an Officer of the Legion of Honour. After exhibitions in Berlin, Dusseldorf, Cologne and London, he traveled in 1909 on the invitation of Archer Milton Huntington to New York. An exhibition of his work in the Hispanic Society of America was founded by Huntington was hailed as a great success. Then U.S. President William Howard Taft was portrayed by Sorolla. 1911 was followed by exhibitions at the Saint Louis Art Museum and the Art Institute of Chicago. From Huntington Sorolla also received an order for one of his major works, the design of the library of the Hispanic Society of America. Until 1919 this created 14 paintings of portraits of Spanish personalities and other Spanish subjects. Sorolla was the time his high salaries for U.S. $ 150,000 for this contract. His fortune enabled Sorolla next to his house in Madrid, to inhabit a holiday home in Cercedilla in the Sierra de Guadarrama and a beach house in Valencia. Influenced by the works of the French Impressionists, he worked plein air and his dark palette brightened. It originated portraits, genre scenes, landscapes and book illustrations. Among his favorite subjects were the representations Spanish folk life and beach images of his native Valencia.
The last three years of life suffered Sorolla under a hemiparesis, so he could not attend his appointment as professor of the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando in Madrid and the opening of the Huntington Library in New York. After the death of his wife Sorolla's house went to Madrid and a number of his paintings as a gift to the Spanish State. As the first director of the company founded herein Sorolla Museum served the son of Joaquín Sorolla García. The Built in 2010, Station Valencia high speed train bears his name.
Gallery
Portrait of Basel Mundy
Portrait of King Alfonso XIII
Portrait of President Taft
Casa de Huerta Valencia
Anlandendes fishing boat
Jardines del Alcazar (Sevilla )
Boy on the beach