Johann Jakob Herzog

Johann Jakob Herzog ( born September 12, 1805 in Basel, † September 30, 1882 in Erlangen, hometown entitled in Basel) was a Swiss Reformed theologian. He is the founder of the Encyclopaedia of Protestant Theology and the Church, he also worked at four universities as teachers.

Life

Duke was the son of the merchant Johann Caspar Duke (1761-1811) and his wife Gertrud born Bienz ( 1772-1814 ). The family was originally from Württemberg, but since 1605 had been living in Basel. Since Johann Jacob parents died early, he spent his childhood since he was five years with relatives. Later, he came with his brother Emanuel in a boarding school in Neustadt. Also from the naturalist Christoph Bernoulli, he received private lessons. He then attended the Basel School on Cathedral Square. From 1823 he studied theology at the University of Basel. In the same year he joined the Swiss club Zofinger.

To continue his studies, he went in 1826 to the University of Berlin. There was a research trip through Bohemia, Vienna, Venice and Milan back to Basel. There he put his first examination in 1829; him the degree of theological licentiate was awarded on 10 October 1830. Starting in the winter semester 1830/31 he was a lecturer at the University of Basel.

On January 14, 1834 Duke married his cousin Rosina Socin (* January 13, 1811; † January 7, 1889 ); the marriage produced four children. As in Basel was no prospect of a professorship, Duke accepted an appointment as professor of theology and church history at the University of Lausanne. He was initially hired only temporarily, but on 27 September 1838 he became a full professor of historical theology.

In his years as a university teacher him were his knowledge of French is useful. Apart from the history of the Church, he also taught symbolism, Biblical Theology, and Reformation, mission and history of dogma. The results of his church history research he published in several monographs.

1839 the government of the canton of Vaud picked up the Confessio Helvetica posterior as a binding confession and tried to bring the church into state dependency. On August 3, 1845, the priest had to read a government proclamation, which states that the revolution justified and state intervention was allowed on the church. When Duke was offered on February 17, 1846, to operate in the new Commission for the examination, ordination and appointment of the regional church pastor, he rejected protest and resigned his professorship.

From March 1846 to August 1847 was Duke worked as a private tutor in Lausanne. On 16 June 1847 he was appointed by the University of Berlin for an honorary doctorate. From 1847 to 1854 he held the professorship of church history at the University of Halle; a professorship at the University of Vienna he had refused. For two studies of the Waldenses, he undertook research trips to Geneva, France and Ireland. On October 1, 1854 Duke was the successor of Johann Heinrich August Ebrard professor of Reformed theology at the University of Erlangen; this activity should he practice by the year 1877.

Meanwhile, Duke started his major work, the Encyclopaedia of Protestant Theology and Church ( predecessor of Theological Encyclopaedia ) after the originally intended as the publisher Matthias Burger snails had died. The first volume was still in Halle ( Saale ), the second in Erlangen. Overall, published between 1854 and 1913 in three editions, 22 volumes; more than 500 entries have been written by Duke himself. For the second edition of the employees of the professor of church history Gustav Leopold Plitt was provided; However, since he died early, Albert Hauck was selected by the Duke 's death in Erlangen continued the work, and a third edition published in Leipzig. Next to him, other members of the Reformed Church were involved in the work.

1876 ​​Duke received the Knight's Cross of the Order of the Crown of Italy. In the same year he began his work of demolition throughout church history. On September 1, 1877, he was given emeritus status after a stroke at his own request. In addition to his published books and several articles in the Evangelical Church newspaper and nine articles in the Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie are owed ​​to him.

Works (selection)

• Dissertatio de loco exegetica Paulino Rome. 3:21-31 (Basel 1830)
• The life of John Oecolampadius ' and the reformation of the church to Basel ( Volumes 1 and 2, Basel 1843)
• John Calvin. A biographical sketch (Basel 1843)
• Précis of faits et ont suivi la Amene démission de la majorité of pasteurs ministres et de l'Eglise nationale du canton de Vaud en 1845 (Lausanne 1846)
• De origine et pristino statu Waldensium. Secundum eorum scripta antiquissima cum libris Catholicorum eiusdem Aeva collata (Hall 1848)
• The Romance Waldensians. Your pre-Reformation states and teachings, its Reformation in the 16th century and the repercussions thereof, represented mainly by their own writings (Hall 1853)
• Real - Encyclopedia of Protestant Theology and Church ( volumes 1 to 22; Hamburg 1854-1866 )
• François de Bonivard, Advis et Devis de la source de l' idolatrie et tyrannie papale ( Geneva 1856)
• The Word of God is a light in a dark time. Sermon on Psalm 119, 105 (Erlangen, 1866)
• The return of the displaced Waldenses in their valleys in 1689 (Erlangen, 1876)
• Demolition of the whole Church History, Volume 1: The days of creation and first propagation of the Christian Church of Christ's birth to the end of the first century after Christ's birth. The days of the old Catholicism from the beginning of the second century until the beginning of the eighth (Erlangen, 1876)
• Demolition of the whole Church History, Volume 2: The times of Roman Catholicism from the beginning of the eighth century to the beginning of the sixteenth, called by Boniface, Apostle of the Germans, until the beginning of the German Reformation (Erlangen, 1879)
• Demolition of the entire history of the Church, Volume 3: The Age of Reformation. The times of greatest struggle between Catholicism and Protestantism, Lutheranism and Calvinism between. The times of internal movements within the various confessions to the outputs of the eighteenth century (Erlangen, 1882)