Johann Wilhelm Schwedler

Johann Wilhelm Schwedler ( born June 23, 1823 in Berlin, † June 9, 1894 ) was a German civil engineer and construction officer, Mr of the 19th century, the designer of bridges and inventor of Schwedler carrier. The Schwedler dome is named after him.

Life

Schwedler was born into a poor carpenter family. He attended trade school in Berlin and finished it in 1842 with the matriculation examination. Then he passed examinations for the civil service and an " appeal to the Land and Water ." In 1852 he was supervisor in Siegburg. In 1858 he returned as a Royal Railroad builder back to Berlin in the railway department of the Prussian Ministry of Public Works. In 1868 he received the title of Privy building officer and was chief construction officer, Mr Prussian. So that his staff is to be assumed in almost all major civil engineering in Prussia. Listed are therefore from this time only works with major and leading participation. From 1864 to 1873 Schwedler was also a teacher at the Berlin Academy of Architecture. He also was a longtime member of the editorial committee of the Journal of Civil Engineering. To Schwedler commemoration were the Schwedler Bridge, a pedestrian bridge over the railway line Frankfurt- Hanau in Frankfurt- Ostend, and named the south adjoining Schwedlerstrasse.

Work

In 1852, he worked on the construction of railway bridges made ​​of steel. In his "Theory of the bridge beam systems ", he developed a scientific theory of statically determinate truss, could be measured with the train and struts of a truss subjected to bending stress and dimensioned. A result of its theory was that the upper belt of the wearer is arcuately curved. This was first applied to the railway bridge of Czersk. Actually, should the arch in the center a small bend down have. It is however not shown for reasons of aesthetics.

The diagonals of the so-called " Schwedler carrier " should be claimed only on the train. Therefore, the diagonal direction is changed in middle of the bridge, and some fields in the bridge center have because of the varying impact of traffic loads crosswise double diagonals. This Schwedler carrier was dominant until the 1900s. The compounds of the struts he trained with movable joints.

Later, he developed - as a development of Schwedler carrier - the three-hinged arch. Its principle prevented by its static determinacy squeezing stresses in the structure. Schwedler built with this principle roofs of railway stations (eg Berlin Ostbahnhof, Frankfurt Central Station ).

The " Schwedler dome " of steel was first used in 1863 when the roof of the gas container to the timber market in Berlin for use. He constructed roofs as spatially -supporting shell structure with diameters up to 45 m.

Buildings

Honors

After he was named the Schwedlerstrasse 1898 in Berlin -Grunewald (Wilmersdorf ). In Frankfurt, the Schwedler Bridge, the Schwedlersee and Schwedlerstrasse are named after him.