John Hopfield

John Joseph Hopfield ( born July 15, 1933, Chicago) is an American physicist, molecular biologist and neuroscientist. He is primarily for his invention of an associative neural network ( Hopfield network) in 1982 known.

Life

Hopfield is the son of a physicist couple, the father has Polish origins. He studied at Swarthmore College ( BA 1954) and in 1958 received his doctorate from Cornell University with Albert Overhauser in physics. After that, he was at Bell Laboratories, 1960/1 Researchers at the École normale supérieure, 1961 Assistant Professor at the University of California, Berkeley, and from 1964 professor of physics at Princeton University until 1960. From 1980 to 1997 he was professor of chemistry and biology at Caltech and from 1997 again ( Howard A. Prior ) Professor at Princeton, this time for molecular biology. In addition, he was from 1973 to 1989 a member of the Bell Laboratories.

1962 to 1964 he was a Sloan Fellow and Guggenheim Fellow in 1969 as the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge. 1983 to 1988 he was a MacArthur Fellow. In 1969 he was awarded the Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize of the American Physical Society (APS ) and 1985 whose Biophysics Prize. In 1988 he received the Michelson -Morley Award of Case Western Reserve University and in 1991 he was California Scientist of the Year by the California Museum of Science and Industry. For his work on neural networks, he also won the 1997 Neural Network Pioneer Award from the IEEE in 1999 and the International Neural Network Society, the Helmholtz Award. In 2001 he received the Dirac Medal of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics ( ICTP ) in Trieste. Hopfield is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society. In 2006 he was president of the American Physical Society. In 2005 he received the Albert Einstein World Award of Science.

Hopfield employed, inter alia, to with solid-state physics ( theory of exciton polaritons and ), electron transfer in biological macromolecules, error correction in molecular biology and the physics of neural networks and emergent collective calculations in such networks.