John of Jandun
John of Jandun (* 1280-1290 in Jandun, today Canton Signy L'Abbaye, department Ardennes, France, † between September 1, 1328 and September 15, 1328 in Mont Alto, Italy ) was a averroistischer philosopher, theologian and political theorist. He is also known as John de Jandun, Jean de Jandun, Jean de Jandum, John of Janduno, Joannes Jandum, Johannes de Genduno, de Ganduno, and de Gandavo.
John is regarded as one of the most important Aristotelians of the 14th century and was also often associated with the Defensor Pacis of Marsilius of Padua. It is now proven that he if so, had no significant role in the establishment of the Defensor Pacis.
John of Jandun wrote the first guide of Paris.
Life
John was born before 1290 in the small French village of Jandun in the Ardennes, near the present-day border with Belgium. He studied at the University of Paris Liberal Arts, about 1310, he graduated with a Master of Arts from and taught from 1315 at the newly founded Collegium Navarre in Paris. At the request of the University, he was called by Pope John XXII. from 1316 initially funded by the expectation of a benefice as canon of Senlis. He deals with the works of Aristotle and Averroes and written in the following years, various publications to of which have been printed or delivered not all.
He knew Marsilius of Padua before 1315 and Johanns suggestions flowed well into the 1324 book published by Marcellus anonymous work Defensor Pacis. In Defensor Pacis, the legality of the existing power structures of Emperor and Pope was doubted, because they did not conform to the idea that political decisions should be largely taken in accordance with the majority of the population. But the authorship of the Defensor Pacis were known and the Pope condemned the two on the basis of various formulations in Scripture as heretics.
On April 3, 1327 they were called by a bull of Pope as sons of perdition and damnation pupils who have already diverted their handset at the University of the way of truth. A few days later they are excommunicated and lose their ecclesiastical power and privileges. After a personal justification further period of four months, a bull was on October 23, 1327 by the Pope, which amends declared them heretics, as well as some of their statements refuted and were declared heretical. False should be particular that Peter, as his successor, the Pope understands yes, not take precedence over the other apostles did, that the emperor popes could settle on and that after Christ all the priests had equal authority and power to their different imperial provisions result is that the Pope and the Church would have no right to punish without imperial permission and that Christ did not voluntarily, but had done, under an obligation to the emperor tribute. On February 26, 1328 Pope called upon the Roman people, to put the two professors, " these beasts emerged from the depths of Satan and the sulfur slough of hell," caught.
Both fled from Paris to Germany still 1324 and sought shelter at the former King Ludwig IV, the Bavarians, whose rightful reign was contested at this time by the Pope yard. They accompanied Louis on his beginning in the spring 1327 campaign in Italy, wanted to enforce his imperial coronation by the Pope with the Ludwig. Before starting the way back to Germany appointed Ludwig Johann von Jandun on 1 May 1328 Bishop of Ferrara, but John could not take his post due to the final in 1327 by the Pope imposed on him punishment. On July 14, 1328 John was also appointed by the Emperor Louis to his counsel and secretary. Also, this office could no longer perform Johann, as he died during the turn of the imperial troops from Rome to Pisa between 1 and 15 September 1328 Montalto.
Works
- Quaestiones super libros Aristotelis de coelo et mundo, Padua 1475, Venice 1551
- Exposure et quaestiones in Averroem de substantia orbis, 1481
- Quaestiones in libros Physicorum 1488
- Quaestiones in Aristotelis parva naturalia 1505
- Questiones in duodecim libros Aristotelis metaphysicae 1505
- De laudibus Silvanecti, De laudibus Parisius, ed. v. A.K.V. Le Roux de Lincy, L. M. Tisserand, Paris et ses historiens 1867, 1-79