Joseph Böhm
Joseph Böhm ( born March 4, 1795 in Budapest, † March 28 1876 in Vienna) was a renowned Austrian- Hungarian violinist and composer, he was one of the most important violin teacher of the 19th century and is considered the founder of the Viennese violin school.
Life
His musical education received from his father Joseph Bohm ( concert master on the Pest Theatre) and sporadically by Pierre Rode. The age of eight he undertook with the former a four-year " art trip " to Poland and came about in 1813 to Vienna, where he made his debut in 1816. He quickly gained a name as a virtuoso soloist and lasted until the late 1820s besides Josef Mayseder as the best violinist of the younger generation in Vienna, known also that he used no notes during performances ( one of the first ). His play characterized the well-known music critic Eduard Hanslick as follows: " Böhm ( ... ) imponirte especially by an infallible purity and large, noble tone ".
But soon he also tried his hand as a chamber musician: "After Schuppanzigh departure came Josef Böhm, who had just been introduced as a young talented violinist of the Viennese, to whose inheritance and opened on November 20, 1816 a series of six quartet - productions, Roman emperor. '" His partners were in fact the former musicians of the famous Schuppanzigh Quartet, which was dissolved after discharge from the service of Prince Razumovsky and embarking on a multi-year journey of a violinist. But it seems at first to have been only a one-time concert series, as Böhm undertook in a row with the pianist Johann Peter Pixis even a tour to Italy.
After his return he was appointed in 1819 as professor at the Conservatoire, founded a year before the Society of Friends of Music, the first instrumental class, he headed now. 1821 also appointed a member of the court orchestra, he took it well, " take the suspended by a few years, founded by Schuppanzigh quartet Entertainments in the Prater again." As a partner acted now Karl Holz, Franz Joseph White and left. And these have been quite successful, as can be seen reviews at the end of the season: "We see with pleasure the reopening of these concerts contrary, which are give us the long lacked beautiful enjoyment of chamber music in so perfect grade again. "
But the anticipation was in vain, because as a soloist still active, Joseph Böhm then again undertook concert tours in Germany and France.
1823 Schuppanzigh returned to Vienna, took his turn Böhm Quartett partner for a new ensemble and led back regularly his legendary concert series with numerous premieres beethoven schubert shear and shear- strings works by. For individual Joseph Böhm Schuppanzigh has represented as leader before he finished about 1827 his virtuoso career and largely withdrew from concert life. All the more zealous he used the now quartet playing in the intimate circle of friends in your own home and also let students - the importance of ensemble playing and the string works of Beethoven mediator - to participate in this quartet evenings.
Because Boehm devoted himself to now primarily teaching at the Conservatory and was also very successful in it, but he is considered the founder of modern Viennese violin school. Among his most famous ( including private ) students included: Jenő Hubay, Joseph Joachim, Heinrich Wilhelm Ernst, Jakob Dont, Georg Hellmesberger senior, Jacob Green ( 1837-1916 ), Ede Remenyi and Sigismund Bachrich ( 1841-1913 ). Quite a few of them in turn were significant violin teacher at the different music schools in Europe.
As the conservatory was closed in the wake of the 1848 revolution, put Böhm ( with no apparent political reasons ) its function as a violin professor back, his membership in the court orchestra, however, he retained until 1868.
Joseph Böhm died in 1875 at the age of 81 years, leaving as a composer some minor works for violin in the popular style of the time.