Josephus Adjutus
Josephus Adjutus (* 1602 probably in Mosul, † May 21 1668 in Wittenberg) was initially Franziskanerkonventual, then Protestant convert and language teachers in Wittenberg, who has emerged with controversial theological and political writings.
Biography
As his birthplace Adjutus Josephus described the city of Nineveh, which he should have meant the city of Mosul in Iraq today in the 17th century. Apparently derived from a Chaldean Catholic family, relatives sent him at the age of four years after the death of his parents to give education to Jerusalem. By the age of 11, he was educated in Palestine and then came to Naples, where he entered the convent of the Friars Minor and the Order took the name of Hugo Maria. After continued studies he became a deacon and was ordained in 1632 by Basile Cacace, the Titular Archbishop of Ephesus, a priest. After three years of study at the Collegium Bononiense him in Bologna in 1637 the Franciscan Minister General Giovanni Battista Berardicelli awarded the degree of Doctor of Theology.
According to his own report Adjutus led the Franciscan convent of St. James in Prague, where he wanted to carry out disciplinary action when he a considered unjust arrangement of the provincial minister Ferdinand Welguber to transfer back to Italy withdrew and at first, then fled to Dresden to Wittenberg, the he praised as a "new Jerusalem ".
After he was admitted to the local university already on 9 June 1643 he held a few months later at the Leucorea a Oratio revocatoria, in which he explained his departure from the Church of Rome, which he did all the usual Lutheran allegations: contempt of the holy font, arising therefrom errors in doctrine and various reprehensible practices such as the tyranny of their princes of the Church.
A defector from the Franciscan order, even a doctorate in Catholic theologian, was a spectacular event, which came in handy also the Saxon court. So Elector Johann Georg 1645 gave him first a benefice and 1646 also doped with 50 guilders and a service apartment associate professor of Italian language in Wittenberg. 1647 married Adjutus with Blandina Schröder ( † 1680), widowed Cotta, and had with her a son named John. The Wittenberg sources, Adjutus also worked as an innkeeper, the ausschenkte wine to an extraordinary extent, and was brewing your own beer.
As a language teacher Adjutus seems to be not emerged much. A larger question about the origin and development of Latin to Italian, to which the Wittenberg academic audience was invited in 1647, has not appeared in print. Thus, its importance lies next to the published writings, especially in his extraordinary resume that proves the attraction of Wittenberg in the 17th century.
Works
The first, published in Wittenberg writings speeches that turned against his former Catholic confession, later he published Considerations for policy:
- Oratio revocatoria, Wittenberg 1643
- Oratio De Certitudine Gratiae, Wittenberg 1645
- Oratio De potestate Romani Episcopi, Wittenberg 1646
- Speculum [ ... ] De Hodiernorum Monachorum Votis, Wittenberg 1650
- Axiomata Politica, Unde industrius Studiosus Prudentiam Atque Varia Politicorum Arcana Ad rationem status Et Regiminis Pertinentia Consequetur Facile, Wittenberg 1656
- Tractatus Politicus De Clementia Et regimine bonuses Principis, Wittenberg 1664