Juichi Soyeda
Soyeda Juichi (Japanese添 田 寿 一; * September 15, 1864 (Traditional: Genji 8.1.15 ) in the prefecture of Fukuoka, † July 4, 1929 ), also reformed Soeda, was a Japanese economist, ministerial finance officer and state bankers of the late Meiji and Taishō period.
Journey
Soeda Juichi was born as the third son of the village chief Soeda Shinzaburo. The family moved in 1870 first to Osaka, then Kyoto and Tokyo. He had three daughters.
The sale of the beautiful calligraphy of the boy was soon in the family income. The son of former daimyo of Fukuoka visited in 1880 the Imperial University of Tokyo. The turned- Marquis Kuroda funded to the study of young Soeda, who was already enrolled at the foreign language school.
After graduating in economics in 1884 Soeda was briefly Treasury official. The young Kuroda was sent to the King's College of Cambridge University. Soeda was intended for companion and was allowed as a guest student ( "non- collegiate student" ) to attend the lectures. He studied under Henry Sidgwick (1838-1900) and Alfred Marshall ( 1842-1924 ). Until his degree in Economics and Political Science 1887 is also attended courses at the University of Heidelberg.
Ministry of Finance
After his return to Japan Soeda resumed his career in the Ministry of Finance on again. On the designs for the modern banking law of the Finance Minister Matsukata Masayoshi, which brought inflation under control, he worked with.
After the payment of the Boxer indemnity in the London branch of the Yokohama Specie Bank was enough money available to rehabilitate public finances permanently. The Finance Minister Watanabe Kunitake, whose Privatsekreträr Soeda was now able, through whose advice the laws to the gold standard ( implemented 1897-99 ) against the parliamentary opposition, which wanted to bimetallism, prevail.
In the drafting of laws on the mortgage company Nihon Ginko Kangyo in 1896 and the banking industry over the Nihon Ginko Kōgyō Soeda played a leading role.
Within the Ministry, he was Secretary and then Director of Internal Audit Department. In the first cabinet of Okuma Shigenobu he finally was one of the Vice - Minister.
Bank of Taiwan
Since the law on the establishment of the Taiwan Ginko was decided in March 1897 Soeda headed the organizing committee. As the state with two million silver yen and one million interest-free loan capitalized Institute began operations in March 1899, he became the first president to 25 November 1901. The Taiwan Ginko functioned essentially as a central bank with touch privilege for the island Japanese since 1895 but also had normal branches in Kobe and in Chinese and Manchuria. At the end of fiscal year 1900 were paid 8% dividend. Nearly 5 million deposits were offset by: Loans to Private in the amount of 1.4 million to 6.2 million, and the colonial administration issued banknotes for 36.7 million.
Industrial Bank Nihon Ginko Kōgyō
The purpose of the Nihon Ginko Kōgyō there was a connection between the central bank, were prohibited from normal banking business, and make the wholesale industry. At a time when there were no Japanese market for domestic bonds, the Bank organized the successful placement of municipal bonds and the South Manchurian Railway those on the London Stock Exchange in the values of a total of £ 27.176 million. This practice had the added advantage that the inserted Gold acquired the Japanese foreign exchange reserve zugutekam, the cities, however, were paid in paper money.
As President Soeda stepped to the February 1, 1913 back, officially for health reasons, actually, probably because some large exposures to 4% were lazy to mining companies. His successor Shidachi Tetsujiro (1868-1948) was able to rehabilitate these companies.
French - Japanese Bank
Through the establishment of the Banque Franco - Japonaise in 1912, initiated with - Soeda, tried Japanese financial circles greater influence in Indochina to win. She could not ultimately prevail against the Banque de l' Indochine.
After 1913
Immediately after retiring as a bank president Soeda went in May to California, where he performed as a lobbyist against the proposed immigration restrictions for the Japanese. In the following years he worked closely with arguably the most prolific Japanese businessman of the time Shibuzawa Eiichi ( 1840-1931 ). In this connection probably Soedas commitment to the moderate union Yūaikai dates back from 1916. However Soeda stood for a paternalistic relationship between labor and capital, in the spirit of Confucian morality.
Since September 1915, he stood in front of the Railway Authority, which controlled the imperial railway. This post he had as the second Okuma cabinet in October 1916 dropped them from. The organizing committee to bring about the establishment of a Japananisch - Indian Bank, but then was unsuccessful, he leads. Incidentally Soeda was a lecturer at his former university and several smaller colleges. He was appointed President of various companies, the Chugai Shōgyō Shinpōsha and Hochi Shinbun -sha. He was a member of the Steering Committee of the Tokyo Chamber of Commerce, at times its Honorary President. Since 1919 was again in the Committee for preparation of the census. As of July 1920, he was also an appointed, advisory member of the Committee on legislative initiatives. In 1921 he toured the U.S. again.
The Taiwan Ginko came after the 1923 earthquake increasingly in trouble. To September 1, 1926 Soeda was appointed as additional external auditor of the bank. In this position he retained until his death, he overlooked the remedial measures of the collapsed in April 1927 Institute. The collapse led directly to the dismissal of the first Cabinet Wakatsuki and Shōwa financial crisis, which in the medium term, the number of Japanese commercial banks declined as a result of over 1800 to 465.
Honors
- March 1899: Doctor of Laws ( hōgaku Hakushi ) of the University of Tokyo
- After the end of his term as vice - minister, he was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun, 4th Class.
- For his time at the helm of the state railway, he received the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 1st class.
- Appointments to the upper fourth court rank when he retired from government service in 1916, joined the membership of the House of Lords as an imperial appointee with.
Writings
Soeda authored numerous economic work, often also in English. For almost three decades, he was a Japanese correspondent of the Economic Journal.