Juniperus cedrus
Canarian juniper (Juniperus cedrus )
The Canarian juniper (Juniperus cedrus ) is a flowering plant in the family of the cypress family ( Cupressaceae ). It is found in the Canary Islands and Madeira.
- 5.1 Literature
- 5.2 Notes and references
Description
Appearance and leaves
The Canarian juniper grows as a evergreen tree with plant height up to 30 meters or at high elevation shrub. The orange - brown bark peels off in broad, vertical stripes. The branches are horizontally from, writhe against the tip of the branch back up and carry hanging branches.
The decussate in three rows of whorls at the branch arranged needle- shaped leaves have a length of 1 to 2 centimeters on, hold on the adaxial leaf surface on either side of the midrib a narrow white stomatal band and are on the underside of leaves green frosted to blue-green.
Sex distribution, cones and seeds
The Canarian juniper is dioecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( dioecious ). The male cones are individually and axillary. Seeds are not frosted pins are spherical with a diameter of 8 to 12 mm. The cones are unripe green, mature in the second year, then copper-red and contain three seeds.
Occurrence
The Canary Islands Juniper has a Macaronesian distribution; he is at home both in the Canary Islands La Palma, La Gomera, Tenerife and Gran Canaria and only at high elevations in Madeira.
The Canarian juniper grows on soils and rocks of volcanic origin.
System
Juniperus cedrus 1847 by Philip Barker Webb and Sabin Berthelot in Histoire Naturelle des Iles Canaries, Volume 3, Part 2 ( Phytographia Canariensis ), section iii, pp. 277 firstdescribed. Synonyms for Juniperus cedrus Webb. & Berthel. are Juniperus grandifolius link, Juniperus webbii Carriere, Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. maderensis Menezes and Juniperus cedrus Webb & Berthel. susp maderensis ( Menezes ) Rivas Mart. et al ..
Juniperus cedrus belongs to subgenus or section Juniperus in the genus Juniperus. Robert P. Adams, this Wacholderart in a group of " juniper Europe, the Canary Islands, the Azores, from Asia Minor and Africa."
Threats and conservation measures
The remaining stocks of the Canary Islands Juniper are pushed back into dry forest landscapes in inaccessible rocky regions. A spreading of the isolated populations of this dioecious species apparently does not take place due to declining stocks of many common -spreading birds. Accordingly, the World Conservation Union IUCN leads him in the red list of threatened species as endangered ( Endangered ).
As a protective measure the Canary Islands Juniper is listed in national laws; the stocks in national parks are under protection.
In the Federal Republic of Germany of the Canary Islands Juniper is in the Federal Wildlife Trade Regulation ( BArtSchV ) through designation as a strictly protected species under protection and thus made available to the trade under surveillance.
At the European level for the Canary Islands Juniper with Directive 92/43/EEC (Fauna - Flora -Habitat Directive ) in the updated version of 1 January 2007, the European Union ( the Habitats Directive ) Annex 1 protected areas for their habitat type " Endemic forests with Juniperus spp. " required to be treated in priority manner.