Juniperus macrocarpa
Juniperus macrocarpa in Langeri on the Greek island of Paros
Juniperus macrocarpa is a species belonging to the genus juniper from the family of the cypress family ( Cupressaceae ). It occurs in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea and contributes among other things the German trivial name of large-fruited juniper.
Description
Juniperus macrocarpa grows as evergreen tree which grows to a height up to 14 meters. The detaching into strips stem bark is brownish red. The branches stand upright. The 12 to 20 mm long and 2 to 2.5 mm wide needle-like leaves are in threes in whorls. The top bears two distinct adaxial stomatal bands; the abaxial base is keeled.
Juniperus macrocarpa is dioecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( dioecious ). The pollen is carried out in the winter. The purple when ripe, 12-18 mm long seed cones are berry -like and spherical. They mature in two years and usually carry three seeds per cone.
Occurrence
The habitat of Juniperus macrocarpa extends along the Mediterranean and Black Sea coasts in North-West Africa, Southern and Eastern Europe and Asia Minor. The distribution is specified with reaching eastward from southern Portugal to Cyprus or Bulgaria, Ukraine and Turkey.
System
Juniperus macrocarpa was described in 1816 by James Edward Smith on the basis of the documents of the 1796 late John Sibthorp factory Florae Graecae Prodromus, a predecessor of the main plant Flora Graeca. This type is used in most other sources as a subspecies Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. macrocarpa ( Sm ) Ball treated. Robert P. Adams recognizes the species status and makes them Wacholderart in a geographic group of " juniper Europe, the Canary Islands, the Azores, from Asia Minor and Africa." They will be assigned within the genus Juniperus of the subgenus or section Juniperus. As synonyms among other Juniperus lobelii cast. , Juniperus biasolettii link, Juniperus umbilicata Gordr. , Juniperus willkommii Antoine, Juniperus sphaerocarpa Antoine and Juniperus major Dioscorides called ex Bubani.
Threats and conservation measures
Juniperus macrocarpa is widespread in the Mediterranean coastal regions and does not seem to be at risk. With the Fauna-Flora -Habitat Directive No. 92/43/EEC in the updated version of 1 January 2007, the European Union ( the Habitats Directive ) Annex 1 are protected areas for habitat types, including Juniperus macrocarpa belongs required.