Kalety
Kalety [ kalɛtɨ ] ( German Kalet, 1940-45: Steel Hammer) is a town with 8,700 inhabitants in Poland. It is located 25 km north- west of Tarnów Gory ( Tarnowitz ) at the Malapane and belongs to the powiat tarnogórski, Silesian Voivodeship to.
History
Kalety was established in 1365. At this time, the first iron hammer was operated in the town on the Malapane, the place is one of the oldest hut locations in Upper Silesia. After Silesia became Prussian in 1742, was a modernization of the mining and metallurgical industry. One of the pioneers it was the Bohemian hut master Johann Friedrich Koulhaas. Koulhaas had in the neighboring Kutschau ( Kuczów ) already made experiments for the production of coke for blast furnace firing from Upper Silesian coal. In 1777 he had built the first fresh fire for steel production in Upper Silesia to coach Auer hallway. 1789 Koulhaas succeeded in his steel hammer the refining of steel with coal. To the hut businesses settled in the production of steel products and the factory housing colony Stahlhammer arose.
In the middle of the 19th century, the focus of steel production shifted in the coal mining area, so that the importance of Kalet and the steel hammer fell. New focus was the woodworking industry. Guido Henckel of Donnersmarck, whose family has owned the vast forests were at the Malapane, left in 1870 to rebuild the hut to the sawmill and build a pulp mill 1882-1884 to the topic later a paper mill was come.
Kalet 1848 connected to the railway network. To the compound according to Lublinitz and Tarnowitz and Bytom was born in 1926 must be added the remote connection between Katowice and Gdynia. The town grew into an industrial community.
The place was in the part of the district Lublinitz who came to Poland in 1922.
In 1933 were Kutschau ( Kuczów ) Jendryssek ( Jedrysek ), incorporated Truschütz ( Truszczyce ) and Drahthammer ( Drutarnia ). Between 1939 and 1945 the site was occupied by Germany. 1940, the name of the colony Stahlhammer became the name of the community.
After the Second World War, steel hammer was Polish and was the place name Kalety. Since 1951 Kalety is a city. About three-quarters of the 52 km ² of urban area are forests.
Industrial focus is still the paper and cellulose production. 1968 employed the factory workers in 1800, 1930, it was the half. Meanwhile, the paper mill is closed.
Population Development
1905: 453 inhabitants 1910: 1528 1930: 1780 1961: 6760 1970: 7403 2007: 8682
Twinning
- Vítkov, Czech Republic
Gmina
The municipality ( gmina miejska ) Kalety covers 76.68 km ². These include the towns Drutarnia ( Drahthammer ) Kalety ( Kalet ) and Kuczów ( Kutschau ).