Karl Immanuel Nitzsch

Karl Immanuel Nitzsch ( born September 21, 1787 Borna; † August 21, 1868 in Berlin) was a Protestant theologian.

Life

Karl ( often: Carl ) Immanuel Nitzsch was born the son of the former pastor of the Wittenberg Church, the General Superintendent of the Saxon Kurkreises and the first director of the Royal Prussian Evangelical Seminary in Wittenberg, Karl Ludwig and Luise Nitzsch (born Werndorf ). After schooling at the school in Pforta, took in 1806 at the University of Wittenberg on the study of philosophy, classical philology and Protestant theology.

Influenced by his father, took place in Wittenberg in 1809 and 1810 doctoral habilitation, as well as before the Dresden upper consistory, the test for the ministry. Nitzsch 1811 Vicar of the Wittenberg Castle Church, and received the 1813 third deacon place at the local parish church. Through the French occupation of Wittenberg teaching at the university was set so that Nitzsch operated as a pastor and in 1815 moved to Berlin, where he received the theological doctorate.

1817, the University of Wittenberg was combined with the University of Halle and moved to Hall as a result of the decisions of the Congress of Vienna. As compensation, was the royal Prussian seminary at Wittenberg by Frederick William III. opened. Nitzsch was next to his father to the first teaching staff and taught history of the Church's life and eloquence. In 1820 he went to the office of the provost and the Superintendent in Kemberg and was followed in May 1822 a call from the University of Bonn as professor of systematic and practical theology.

There he distinguished himself as a supporter of mediation theology in the face of a resurgence of the Orthodox faith, he sought to reconcile with the knowledge. As a university preacher and second city clergyman in Bonn, as a delegate of the Mülheim district Synod (since 1824), member (since 1835) and later Vice-President ( 1838) of the Rhenish Provincial Synod, as a Prussian Oberkonsistorialrat and member of the Berlin General Synod of 1846 was devoted Nitzsch of mainly overcoming between confessionalism and liberalism increasingly hardening church policy fronts, as well as the ecclesiastical Union aspirations.

His commitment was especially true of his own liturgical law of the Church, which he defended in the agendas dispute against massive intervention trials of the king, the church self-government, which he saw realized by Presbyterian and synodal constitution, as well as a free as possible teaching and commitment binding for Protestant ministers. Nitzsch tried this without success at the Berlin General Synod in 1846 to codify in a minimalist ordination form, the draft of which was ridiculed by conservative opponents as " Nitzschenum ". This earned him a 1847 a theological appeal to the University of Berlin, where he was 1848/49 President of the University.

His liberal- conservative attitude led him as deputies in the Prussian Landtag. Since 1852 he belonged to the Evangelical Supreme Ecclesiastical Council of the Evangelical Church in Prussia, in 1854 Provost of St. Nikolai and 1864 superintendent at St. Mary's. In the spring of 1868, he was entpflichtet from age and illness from his offices.

Effect

Its effects as a teacher of theology are far reaching. The discipline of practical theology owes him a prudent and ambitious consolidation that have Nitzsch registered the title " grand old man " of the practical- theological science. A prolific mediation theologian handed Nitzsch influence far beyond the limits of theological science. The Protestant- Prussian church politics, the issues and problems were reflected in the negotiations and decisions of the Berlin General Synod of 1846, found in Nitzsch an equally dedicated as representative central figure.

Selections

  • De evangeliorum apokryphorum in explicandis canonicis usu et abusu. Dissertation Wittenberg 1809.
  • De duodecim testamentis patriarchorum fibro Veteris Testamenti. Habilitationsschrift Wittenberg 1810.
  • Theological Studies. First part. In 1816.
  • Theological vote on the new Hofkirchen - Liturgy and the further introduction. Bonn 1824.
  • System of Christian doctrine. 1831st
  • Ad theologiam practicam felicius excolendam observationes / considerations for a successful elaboration of practical theology. Edited by Renate and Reiner Preul. (1831 ) Waltrop 2006.
  • Practical Theology. 3 vols Bonn 1847ff.
  • Philipp Melanchthon. Lecture 1855.
  • Religion as moving and arranging power in world history. Lecture 1855.
  • About Lavater and Gellert. In 1857.
  • On Christian Doctrine of the Faith for students of all faculties. Academic lectures edited by E. Walther 1858.
  • Sermons from the official leadership in Bonn and Berlin. New total output in 1867.
  • Historical treatises. 2 volumes, 1870.
Borna, Leipzig Karl Ludwig Nitzsch Orthodoxy Willibald Beyschlag Friedrich August Berthold Nitzsch Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
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