Kingdom of Holland

Koninkrijk Holland Royaume d' Hollande

Kingdom of Holland (Dutch Koninkrijk Holland, French: Royaume d' Hollande ) was the name of the Netherlands 1806-1810 Previously the Netherlands as Batavian Republic was a client state of Napoleonic France.. King of the Kingdom was a brother of the French emperor Napoleon Louis Bonaparte.

The Kingdom lasted until 1810, when it was annexed within a few months gradually from France. Louis Bonaparte had not enforced sufficiently enough of his brother 's view, the interests of France. 1814/1815 is a monarchy founded under the House of Orange William.

History

The immediate predecessor of the Kingdom of Holland was the Batavian Republic.

On 24 May 1806 State Treaty was between France and the Batavian Republic, also called the " State of The Netherlands" in the contract, closed, after which appointed and crowned according to a formal request of the representatives of the Batavian Republic, Prince Louis Bonaparte to the hereditary and constitutional King of Holland will. On June 4, resigned as Grand Pensionary Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck, by then Head of State, in Paris. Louis was proclaimed on June 5, 1806 as a sovereign King of Holland.

The Kingdom of the Netherlands was a dependent of France state. The country's name was derived from the most important province, Holland. Due to the direct takeover of a member of Napoleon's family ( Napoleonic ) should the Netherlands be better controlled.

Louis therefore attempted to establish a good reign, and was sometimes even popular with the locals. The low resistance of the Dutch can also be explained by the fact that in a failure of Louis ' was to be expected intervention of France. But he did not meet the expectations of Napoleon; among other things, it came to the enforcement of the Continental System, the economic blockade against England. In March, France began, first to annex the south. On 1 July 1810, Louis decided to resign in order to save the kingdom itself. He left it on July 2, his decision was published on July 3. Its still a minor, son of Ludwig II succeeded him but for a few days on the throne before Napoléon completely annexed on July 9, with the decree of Rambouillet the territory of the Kingdom of France. It reached until 1813 its independence and was then the Kingdom of the United Netherlands.

Scope and Heritage

The Kingdom of Holland covered roughly the territory of the present-day Netherlands, with the exception of Limburg and Zeeland, the territories south of the Rhine, which were French. To the UK at that time also included East Frisia and Jever, which were ceded in 1807 by the Peace of Tilsit, Prussia and Russia. After the Napoleonic era, these two areas were returned to German princes.

Since Louis had moved his government in 1808 from The Hague to Amsterdam, is still formally Amsterdam, the Dutch capital. Louis also founded the Royal Instituut van Wetenschappen and laid the foundation for the Rijksmuseum. He improved the position of Catholics and Jews, and led in 1809 next to a penal code, a commercial code, a civil code one, based on the French civil code, yet with local trains.

Departments

The kingdom was divided into eleven departments:

  • Amstel country
  • Maasland
  • Uetrecht
  • Zeeland
  • Brabant
  • Funds
  • Overijssel
  • Friesland
  • Groningen
  • Drenthe
  • Ostfriesland
Flag of the Netherlands Official language Limburg (Netherlands) Treaties of Tilsit Karl von Rotteck Johann Ernst Fabri Integrated Authority File
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