Klungkung Palace
The Palace of Klungkung is a historic complex of buildings in Semarapura ( Klungkung ), the capital of the Kingdom of Klungkung ( kabupaten ) of Bali in Indonesia. The palace ( puri ) was erected in the late 17th century, but during the Dutch colonial conquest in 1908 and largely destroyed. Today the remains of the palace are named Kertha Gosa Pavilion the seat of the court; the main gate bears the date " Saka 1622 " (AD 1700). Within the palace complex is also a floating pavilion, Bale Kambing, which was built in the 1940s. The descendants of the Raja, who reigned before, living in the palace of Puri Agung, a residence in the west of the old palace, which was built after 1929.
The origins of the palace
The Kingdom of Klungkung was considered the largest and most important of the nine kingdoms of Bali between the late 17th century and 1908. It was the legacy of the old kingdom Gelgel that the island had long been dominated, but was broken in the 17th century. 1686 (or according to another version 1710) had Dewa Agung Jambe I, a prince of the royal nobility of Gelgel, go to Klungkung (which was also known as Semarapura ) and a new palace ( " Puri " ) was built. Although he did not possess the privileges of his Gelgel ancestors, the new palace preserved a certain degree of prestige and dominance on the island politically fragmented. The palace was built in a square shape, about 150 meters on each side, with the main entrance to the north. It was organized in different blocks with different ritual and practical functions. The complex showed a deep symbolism accordance with a defined structure pattern.
Kerta Gosa
The city at that time was known for its art, painting, dance and music. At the end of the 18th century, the pavilion Kerta Gosa, the Hall of Justice, built in the northeast corner of the palace was. This hall showed typical of the architecture and painting style of Klungkung. Kerta Gosa was respected as Highest Court in Bali, and judicial cases that could not be resolved somewhere else, came here. Three Brahmin priests presided over the court and were known for their harsh and inhumane sayings. The audience ( like today's visitors) could see the ceiling paintings depicting the various penalties provided for them were painted. The paintings of the palace Kerta Gosa are outstanding examples of the style of Kamasan (or Wayang ).
Early history
The descendants of the first king, Dewa Agung Jambe (r. 1686-1722 ) reigned with varying fortune over more than two centuries. They were always known under the title of Dewa Agung. Dewa Agung Gede alias Surawirya (reigned 1722-1736 ) teamed up with the influential King of Mengwi; they carried out a joint expedition to Java. After his death in 1736 broke internal struggles between Dewa Agung Gede his two sons from (Jr.) and Dewa Agung Made. The former asked for help in Karangasem kingdom, but was defeated. Dewa Agung Made The winner was followed by an insane son after, Dewa Agung Sakti (reigned before 1769 - the end of the 18th century). His wife fled to Karangasem where her son Dewa Agung Putra I was raised. Towards the end of the 18th century installed him his helpers from Karangasem on the throne of Klungkung. Dewa Agung Putra I seem to have been a strong ruler, but he fell in a small battle in Bangli 1809. He left a son, Dewa Agung Putra II (reigned 1814-1850 ) and a daughter and co- regent, Dewa Agung Istri Kanya.
The Dutch influence
Together with the other rajas on Bali Dewa Agung Putra II 1843 signed a contract with the Dutch colonial administration, but the different interpretations of the Treaty ensured soon for friction. This was the background against three Dutch military expeditions in 1846, 1848 and 1849. The last of these expeditions penetrated into the territory of Klungkung. The queen Dewa Agung Istri Kanya fought against the Dutch a truce: This led to a general deliberation between the Rajas of Bali and the dutch colonial authorities. In the following decades, the kingdom was ruled by a grandson of Dewa Agung Sakti, Dewa Agung Putra III (reigned 1851-1903 ). He was an active ruler who meddled in the affairs of other southern kingdoms of Bali, which were only nominally connected to the Dutch East Indies. In 1885, he imprisoned the Raja of Gianyar one, and in 1891 he was primarily responsible for the destruction of the Kingdom of Mengwi. After 1900, the Dutch supremacy in the south of Bali was particularly noticeable in. Dewa Agung Putra In this situation III died; Dewa Agung Jambe II, his son followed him (r. 1903-1908 ). He took a defensive stance against the expanding colonial administration.
The sinking of Klungkung
Several events, especially the looting of the stranded ship Sri Kumala 1904 led in 1906 to a renewed military campaign of the Dutch. The colonial troops took Badung on after a Puputan ( "End of the Old World "), a suicide attack against the attacker. Two years later, a similar event to a punishment expedition against Klungkung. The local Balinese elite chose a last stand against the Netherlands. Dewa Agung Jambe II, the members of his family dynasty and their supporters broke away from the palace and went against the superior Dutch force fighting in a mass suicide, a Puputan. The battle, which took place on 18 April 1908 continued until the death of the last fighter who included women and children.
After Puputan the surviving members of the royal family were exiled; the palace was razed to many parts of the ground. 1929, the family was allowed to return, they settled in the new palace ( puri ) Agung. Today reminds a former palace located near the museum of the history of Klungkung and the Puputan. In the north of the palace, a monument was erected at the event.