Kolisch Quartet
The Kolisch Quartet was one of Rudolf Kolisch in 1921 based in Vienna String Quartet, which is part of his outstanding service to the performance and promotion of new music to the central ensemble of the 20th century. It fell apart after the emigration to the USA in 1944.
History
The Kolisch Quartet emerged in the context of Arnold Schoenberg's Society for Private Musical Performances in the early 1920s in Vienna. Accompanied First, in a short time and a rotating cast of inventory interruptions, it was constituted in the fall of 1924 as the Vienna String Quartet. From the re-formation in 1927, it was officially named the Kolisch Quartet.
The ensemble was devoted mainly to the care of new music and became known internationally after several tours soon. It brought numerous works by composers of the Second Viennese School ( Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, Anton von Webern ) and from their environment to premieres or premieres. Often the interpretations were developed in close cooperation with the composers, which gave them special interpretation historical significance. This was particularly true for works of Schoenberg, as the guiding spirit was beyond great influence on Rudolf Kolisch and his quartet.
Radical oriented to factory faithful reproduction, the ensemble sought in each case by analytical penetration of the composition and Assuming a consideration. The most intense possible samples work was focused on the mastery of the score ( not just your own voice ) and the quartet played a large repertoire ( for mutual vote on eye contact ) by heart. The goal was not a " powerful ", but a "real" (authentic ) interpretation of the musical text.
Lack of demand for contemporary music as a result of the increasingly conservative cultural policies in the political changes in Europe led the quartet to record the early 1930s more classical music ( especially Beethoven's late works ) in its programs. The concert limited opportunities due to the economic crisis contributed to the fact that the musicians also sought involvement overseas. It was not until 1935, various tours came about in the United States, Canada and South America. When Rudolf Kolisch, who was moved in 1929 from Vienna to Berlin, the end of 1936 moved his residence to the United States, America henceforth formed the focus of the concert activity for the ensemble. Yet for most of concert tours throughout Europe continue to the fixed program and at the time of the "Anschluss " of Austria, the musicians happened to be in Amsterdam.
After the final emigration to the United States, the Quartet tough competition saw exposed, not least by other refugee from the Nazis in Europe ensembles. Without additional income through orchestral engagements or apprenticeships membership of the survival of the Kolisch Quartet was no longer possible in the long run. After the departure of long-time members (1939 ) did succeed Rudolf Kolisch some time to present again a quartet player, but only with more and more frequently changing cast. The last concert of Kolisch Quartet finally took place in New York in May 1944.
Members
- Violin: Rudolf Kolisch (1921-1944)
- Violin: Jaromir Czerny (1921-1922), Gustav Kinzel (1922 ), Oskar Fitz ( 1922-1923 ), Fritz Rothschild ( 1924-1927 ), Felix Kuhner ( 1927-1941 ), Daniel Guilevitch ( 1941-1943 ), Lorna Freedman (1943-1944)
- Viola: Othmar Steinbauer (1921-1922), Herbert Duesberg (1922-1923), Marcel Dick (1924-1927), Eugene Lehner (1927-1939), Jascha Veissi (1939-1941), Kurt Frederick (1941-1942), Ralph Hersh (1942-1943), Bernhard Milofsky (1943-1944)
- Cello: Erik Skeel - Görling (1921-1922), Wilhelm Winkler (1922-1923), Joachim Stutschewsky (1924-1927), Benar Heifetz (1927-1939), Stefan Auber (1939-1941), Fritz Magg (1942-1943 ), Janos Scholz (1943-1944), Stefan Auber (1944 )