Kugelfischer
The used since the 1960s Kugelfischer injection (also called " system ball Fischer" or " shepherd - pump " called ) is a via a toothed belt or chain driven by the motor mechanical fuel injection for gasoline engines, in which the fuel is injected into the intake manifold. The fuel dosage is in contrast to other systems by changing the relevant piston stroke and is not directly dependent on the amount of intake air.
Operation
The fuel supply to the injection pump takes over, a separate fuel pump in the vicinity of the tank. This delivers the fuel to the injection pump, not needed gasoline cools the pump to prevent vapor lock before it is passed via a line back to the tank.
The injection pump is located in a separate housing on the engine, each cylinder has a piston that is driven by timing belt, gear or chain from the engine and is usually connected to the oil system of the engine. The pumped from the fuel pump to the injection pump fuel from entering into the pump cylinder above the piston pump and is funded by this at a defined time during the piston stroke to the mounted in the intake manifold injector. The injection valve is spring-loaded; when it opens at the corresponding pressure of the fuel is injected. To prevent backflow of the fuel are located in the pump suction and non-return valves.
Since the motor according to the operating condition require different quantities of fuel, a control is required. When ball Fischer- injection, the piston stroke is varied by the bottom dead center and therefore the volume of fuel is controlled in the pump cylinder. The pump piston is at the bottom of it a cantilevered arm, the position of which defines the injection quantity. If this deeper, the piston stroke is larger, it is higher, the piston stroke is less. The other side of this rocker is with a stylus on the core of the pump, the "space cam", which defines the corresponding height. This space is an elongated cone cams having the different operating states around elevations or depressions, and thus ( as now electronics) maps the characteristic of the engine and controls the injection quantity, for example, or the fuel cut-off defined. With change in the throttle position, the space cam moves along the cone slope, with increasing speed, the cone rotates about its axis. This system is supplemented by a cold start enrichment.
Since the ball Fischer- pump operates independently of the airflow in the intake tract, exact synchronization with the throttle linkage and throttle position prerequisite for a good running engine. The space cam has to be designed specifically for your vehicle's engine. For this reason, without changing the three-dimensional cam also no significant changes in the intake tract or eg possible for the timing of the camshaft, because then the optimal fuel-air ratio on the basis of the fixed injection quantity can not be achieved.
The operation of the pump is 4 - identical and 6- cylinder engines.
Use
The first deployments of the system ball fishermen were in motorsports. Here corresponding injection was used in touring cars, formula or circuit races and rallies. Advantages such as speed strength, precision of the injection volume and flow rate of mixture made the system especially interesting for high-performance engines. The significant fuel savings were still lower priority at this time, and in this connection. Most here, the system was used in conjunction with single throttle or flat slide systems. Very common these systems were based on the BMW M10 four-cylinder engine from the formula 2 up to 1,350 hp BMW Formula 1 engine with turbocharging ( M12/13 ) in the 1980s. To this day, some of these systems are still in use in motorsport.
Also in production vehicles, the system came with more powerful engines. Examples include Peugeot 404 (1963), Peugeot 504 (1968), Lancia Flavia 1800 inezione (1965 ), BMW 2000 tii (1969 ), BMW 2002 tii / turbo ( 1971/1973 ), BMW M1 (1978) and Ford Capri RS 2600 (1970). Also in 1973 the first mass-produced motorcycle with fuel injection ( Münch -4 TTS - E 1200 ) had a ball fishing injection.
Some active in racing tuner developed on these engines builds street-legal systems. So, for example, built Alpina one based on the engine of the BMW 2002 tii (130 hp) version, which had an injection system with self-developed individual throttle butterflies ( Alpina A4) depending on what further action to an increase in output to about 155 - 190 hp led. Also for the BMW 3.0 CSL were Alpina a similar plant (250 instead of 180 hp ), but as a single unit, as well as by other manufacturers for the NSU TT or the Ford Capri.
Engine of the BMW 2002 turbo with ball Fischer- injection
Motor BMW 2002 tii Alpina A4 with ball Fischer Alpina injection and single throttle system
1966 BMW Formula 2 engine based on the M10 with ball Fischer- injection, apple Beck- cylinder head and flat slide system
BMW Formula 2 motor with ball Fischer- injection and flat slide system
BMW Formula 1 engine M12/13 with ball Fischer- injection, turbo and flat slide system
BMW M49 racing engine from the BMW E9 CSL with ball Fischer- injection and flat slide system
BMW M88 engine from the BMW M1 with ball Fischer- injection and single throttle system
Motor from the Münch TTS -E ( the first motorcycle with fuel injection), with ball Fischer- injection and single throttle system
Ford Capri RS racing engine ( Weslake ), 3000 cm3, 235 kW at approx 8.200/min with ball Fischer- injection ( PL 06) and slide plates
Ford Capri RS V6 racing engine ( Cosworth ), 3400 cm3, 450 hp with ball Fischer- injection ( PL 06) from the German Racing Championship 1974
Manufacture and supply of spare parts
Originally developed by the company FAG ball fishermen, the area Kugelfischer injection was acquired in 1979 by Bosch. The production was due to the ever cheaper manufactured electronic injection systems increasingly unattractive. By 1989, Bosch supplied the spare parts for the equipment, then took over the Bosch Service Koller Schwemmer in Nuremberg all documents, equipment and spare parts and since then has been the parts supply.