Kulm law

Kulm law referred to in an across- the medieval law which is determined by the German order of knights region of Prussia. It is based on two legal documents:

  • The Kulm Tangible ( 1233, renewed in 1251 ),
  • The right Buchalter Kulm ( to 1394)

The Kulm Tangible had been issued by the Teutonic Order first for its cities Kulm and Thorn, but it formed the pattern of most city status records in the Prussian Order of State, so it deserves the character of a Basic Law. The document was on 28 December 1233 adopted by the fourth Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, Hermann of Salza. The original document was probably already in 1244 during an attack of the East Pomeranian Duke Swantopolk II to the city of Kulm lost. A fresh copy of the Hands-on with slight changes in favor of the Teutonic Order was created in 1251. The Kulm law was, inter alia, been developed from the Magdeburg law and previous Saxon law ( Saxony mirror ). In Danzig, the Order replaced the previously granted by the Polish king Magdeburg law by Kulm law. The Kulm law was used in all of Prussia and supplemented in individual cities nor by their Will Küren and rights. In Pomerellen the Kulm law in 1343 also introduced. The Dukes of Mazovia independent ( only since 1525 in Poland) founded cities according to Kulm law, Czersk ( Vistula ).

The Old Kulm was not created by the Teutonic Knights and never officially recognized by him, but was rezipiert to 1400 in all major cities of the Prussian Order state and has since been in use. There is a since the 1380s after the Silesian sources ( Systematic Breslauer aldermen law) developed right book. The vulgate version was before 1394 ( Year of the oldest known manuscript ) at the latest. The original eight books have been re-grouped and distributed to five; in the fifth book pieces from the Schwabenspiegel are additionally incorporated.

In the 16th century a revision and Glossary of the Old Kulm, the state law was now. Further revisions were made in the 17th and 18th centuries. The new version of The Complete Culmische law has been in collaboration with MC Hanow 1767 printed in John Fr Bartels in Gdansk and laid.

Founded After Kulm law cities

The name until 1945, today's name (in parentheses) and founding year

In the Prussian Order of State:

  • Kulm - ( Chelmno ) - 1233
  • Marie Werder - ( Kwidzyn ) - 1233
  • Thorn - ( Toruń ) - 1233
  • Königsberg - ( Kaliningrad ) - 1286
  • Graudenz - ( Grudziądz ) - 1291
  • German Eylau - ( Iława ) - 1305
  • Wormditt - ( Orneta ) - 1312
  • Zinten - ( Kornewo ) - 1313
  • Osterode - ( Ostróda ) - 1329
  • Wehlau - ( Snamensk ) - 1336
  • Lauenburg i Pom. - ( Lębork ) - 1341
  • Danzig - ( Gdańsk) - 1343 city charter amendment; before 1224 Lübisches right by the East Pomeranian Duke, 1295 Magdeburg rights by Polish king
  • Soldau - ( Działdowo ) - 1344
  • Buetow - ( Bytów ) - 1346 ( 1466 came as a Polish fief to Pomerania )
  • Olsztyn - ( Olsztyn ) - 1348
  • Tolkemit - ( Tolkmicko ) - 1351
  • Wartenberg - ( Barczewo ) - 1364
  • Baldenburg - ( Bialy Bór ) - 1382 ( 1466 came as a Polish fief to Pomerania )
  • Passenheim - ( Pasym ) - 1386
  • Sensburg - ( Mrągowo ) - 1404
  • Nordenburg - ( Krylowo ) - 1405
  • Stuhm - ( Sztum ) - 1416
  • Marggrabowa 1928 Treuburg - ( Olecko ) - 1560

In the independent Duchy of Mazovia ( Poland annexed until 1526 ):

  • Płock - 1237
  • Warsaw - 1334
  • Różan - 1378
  • Ciechanów - 1400
  • Czersk ( Vistula ) - 1386
Hermann von Salza Haandfæstning Sachsenspiegel Doctrine of reception Znamensk, Kaliningrad Oblast Gdańsk Duchy of Pomerania
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