La Chaux-du-Milieu
La Chaux- du-Milieu is a municipality in the district of Le Locle in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland.
Geography
La Chaux- du-Milieu is at 1,081 m above sea level. Level, 6 km southwest of the district capital of Le Locle (air line). The farming village extends to the northeast of the Valley Vallée de la Brevine in the Neuchâtel Jura, at the northern foot of the anticlines of the Grand Som Martel.
The area of 17.3 km ² large municipality area includes the entire eastern section of the Vallée de la Brevine which has a 500 to 1000 m wide flat valley floor here. This forms in different places moorlands, including the Marais Rouge. In the far east of the municipality of soil ranges on the heights of Petit Calirou ( 1,155 m above sea level. M. ) and Grand Som Martel, on the covers 1,300 m above sea level. M. the highest point of La Chaux- du-Milieu is achieved. In the south, the area extends to the anticline, which separates the Vallée de la Vallée des Ponts Brevine from ( in the skin of the Joux 1,275 m above sea level. M. ). The ridge is partly forested, partly it is occupied by extensive Jura mountain meadows with the typical tall spruce trees that are either individually or in groups. From the municipality surface 1997 3 % was attributable to settlements, 49 % of forest and woody plants and 48% to agriculture.
At La Chaux- du-Milieu from west to east slightly increased on the southern edge of the Vallée de la Brevine the hamlet of Le cachot de Vent ( 1,074 m above sea level. M. ) Le cachot ( 1'073 m above sea level. M. ), Le cachot de Bise ( 1,070 m above sea level. M. ), the central town of La Chaux- du-Milieu, La Forge ( 1'069 m above sea level. M. ), La Clef d' Or ( 1'069 m above sea level. M. ) and Le Quartier ( 1,089 m above sea level. M. ), which lies at the western foot of the Grand Som Martel. Widely scattered in the Valley and are located over the Jura mountains numerous farmsteads. Neighboring communities of La Chaux- du-Milieu are La Brevine, Les Ponts- de -Martel, Le Locle and Cerneux - Péquignot.
Population
With 463 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) La Chaux- du-Milieu is one of the small communities of the canton of Neuchatel. Of the 97.7% inhabitants are French-speaking, German-speaking 1.0% and 0.5 % speak Serbo-Croatian (as of 2000). The population of La Chaux- du-Milieu increased to 1860 to 954 inhabitants, followed by a strong migration was registered (1970 only 336 inhabitants). Since then, again a slight increase recorded after the community had created new building zones.
Economy
La Chaux- du-Milieu is still a mainly stamped by the village agriculture, with livestock and dairy farming predominate. In addition, the production of cheese and forestry have a certain significance. Since the 18th century, was stabbed in the Marais Rouge peat; In 1991, the peat has been set. Towards the end of the 19th century saw La Chaux- du-Milieu an economic boom, as two clock factories offered numerous jobs and widespread advance far in homework was doing spinning and lace ablösten.
Traffic
The community is located off the major thoroughfares on a main road from La Brevine to Le Locle. La Chaux- du-Milieu is the postal bus lines Neuchâtel - La Brevine connected to the network of public transport - Les Ponts -de- Martel - Le Locle and Le Locle.
History
The first written mention of the village was carried out in 1310 under the name calvum de Escoblon, derived from the Latin word calvus ( bald). Subsequent designations for the village were La Chaux de cachot and Chaux Baussan. In the early 14th century the Counts of Neuchâtel land in La Chaux- du-Milieu loaned to the inhabitants of Morteau in France, which made the area under cultivation in the subsequent period. In the 16th century, settlers from Le Locle immigrated.
The area of La Chaux- du-Milieu was under the suzerainty of the county Neuchâtel since the first nomination. Since 1648 Neuchâtel principality and 1707 was linked by personal union with the Kingdom of Prussia. 1806, the region was ceded to Napoleon I. and came in 1815 during the Congress of Vienna to the Swiss Confederation, whereby the kings of Prussia until 1857 Neuchâtel trade also prince of Neuchâtel remained. Since 1825 La Chaux- du-Milieu forms a separate municipality.
Attractions
The church of La Chaux- du-Milieu was inaugurated in 1716. Since then, forms the village belonged to the parish Le Locle previously, a separate parish. In the village and in the hamlets numerous characteristic farmhouses of the high Jura from the 17th to 19th centuries have been preserved.