Lathyrus sylvestris

Wild pea ( Lathyrus sylvestris)

The Wild pea ( Lathyrus sylvestris ), also called forest - pea, is a plant species in the subfamily of the Fabaceae ( Faboideae ). It is widespread in Eurasia.

• 4.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaf

The Wild pea grows as a climbing, perennial herbaceous plant. There are up to 15 meters long, formed creeping, branched floor runners. The usually 1 to 2 meters long, four-sided and grooved stem is branched and has the 1.5 to 4 mm broad wings, a total width of 4 to 9 mm; he is bald or rough around the edges with fine teeth.

The bare, very strong leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The narrow to wide winged Blaatstiel is with about 0.5 to 1.5 mm long wings about 2 to 4 mm wide. The pinnate leaf blades each have only one pair of leaflets. They are lanceolate to linear, usually gradually tapered and about 6 to 20 times as long as wide. They have a length of more or less 5 to 14 cm and a width of about 5 to 15 mm. Three or five longitudinal nerves and long stitch forming network nerves are most clearly seen. The stipules are narrow half arrow-shaped, about 1 to 2 cm long with the ears and 0.5 to 2.5 mm wide.

Inflorescence and flower

The flowering time is in Central Europe from June to August. Usually only three to six flowers are in racemose inflorescences, which leaves little or no superior, with short bracts together. The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and fünfzählig double perianth with a length of 13 to 18mm. The five calyx teeth separated by wide bays. The five petals are pink to purple and the broad banner outside on running greenish. Only the wings are pure purple.

Fruit and seeds

The leather- brown when ripe legumes are 5-7 mm long and 8-13 mm wide and on the keels and nerve network of fine nodules rough. The legumes contain 6 to 14 seeds. The seeds are 4 to 5.5 mm in size, often by mutual pressure somewhat angular, slightly bumpy and brownish to reddish gray in color.

Set of chromosomes

The chromosome number is 2n = 14

Ecology

The flowers are asymmetrical by rotation of boat pens and, therefore, the nectar is not generally easily accessible. Flowers Ecological therefore referred to the Wild Vetch as an "intelligence Flower".

Occurrence

Lathyrus sylvestris comes to submeridionalen ago to north - temperate climates. She is in the temperate - continental climate of Europe, north to Scandinavia and England, east to Russia and Western Siberia, Black Sea, Balkan, Apennine Peninsula, the Pyrenees and widespread in Sardinia. The Wild Pea comes in Central Europe most widely and frequently.

In Germany, the Wild pea is most widely and frequently. However, in the North German lowlands it is rare, as in the northern foothills of the Alps, where they partially missing altogether. In the plain to hill and altitude level, it occurs in Germany. In Germany it is not considered endangered.

In Switzerland, Lathyrus sylvestris grows in thickets, river banks and gravel mainly in the colline to montane, but also in the subalpine altitudinal zone.

The Wild pea grows in woods and thickets hem lights, on playing surfaces and on dry scree slopes. She's plant communities in Central Europe, a characteristic species of the order Origanetalia vulgaris. Occasionally, the Wild Pea is also grown as a forage crop. Where it occurs very numerous, especially in vineyards, roadsides, railway embankments, etc., these are based mostly on deposits planting.

Swell

• Gustav Hegi, H. Gams, H. Marzell: Illustrated Flora of Central Europe. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta. 2nd edition. Volume IV Part 3: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 2 ( 5) (Leguminosae - Tropaeolaceae ), Carl Hanser and Paul Parey, Berlin or Munich / Hamburg 1964, ISBN 3-489-70020-1 ( unaltered reprint of 1923-1924 with addendum).
• Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated Flora. Germany and adjacent areas. Cryptogams and flowering plants. Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0.
• Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (ed. ): The ferns and flowering plants of Baden -Württemberg. 2nd expanded edition. Volume 2: Special Section ( Spermatophyta, subclass Dilleniidae ): Hypericaceae to Primulaceae, Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart ( Hohenheim), 1993, ISBN 3-8001-3323-7.
• Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raymond Fischer, Manfred A. Fischer (ed.): Excursion Flora of Austria. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6.
• Christian Heitz: Training and Exkursionsflora for Switzerland. With consideration of the border areas. Identification guide for the wild vascular plants. Founded by August Binz. 18 fully revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel, 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4.
• Erich Oberdorfer: Phytosociological Exkursionsflora. Assisted by Theo Müller. 6th revised and enlarged edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart ( Hohenheim), 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3.
• Ruprecht Duell, Herfried Kutzelnigg: Pocket Dictionary of Plants in Germany and neighboring countries. The most common central European species in the portrait. 7, corr. and ext. Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1.