Les Verrières
Les Verrières
Les Verrières is a municipality in the district of Val -de- Travers in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland.
Geography
Les Verrières is located at 930 m above sea level. M., 36 km west-southwest of the capital of the canton of Neuchâtel (air line). The village street line extends in the high valley Vallon des Verrières, surrounded by the hills of the western Jura region, near the border with France.
The area of 28.7 km ² large municipality area includes the central portion of the Vallon des Verrières, a synclines that is above ground drained by the river Morte west to the Doubs and thereby to the Mediterranean. The watershed of the aboveground watercourses is at Les Verrières but not identical to that of the leachate. The seepage in soil water running along fracture systems to the east, part of the catchment area of the Areuse and flows with this towards the Rhine to the North Sea.
South of the wide valley extends the communal land on the steep slope La Côtière on the anticline of the Mont des Verrières ( 1'241 m above sea level. M. ). To the north, the area above the tree height Les Cornées and the sink Loge de la Grande Planée ( in the extreme southwest of the Vallée de la Brevine ) extends to the ridge of Chez le Brandt ( 1,230 m above sea level. M. ) and Les Divois ( ü with 1,290 m. highest elevation of Les Verrières ), which belongs to the system of the Montagne du Larmont. North of this ridge lies the valley of the Ruisseau des Entreportes, which flows water at Pontarlier in the Doubs. The northern boundary runs along the Waldkrete Les Passages (up to 1'164 m above sea level. M. ).
On the heights of Les Verrières be extended Jura high grazing pastures with the typical tall spruce trees that are either individually or in groups. From the municipality surface 1997 3 % was attributable to settlements, 50 % of forest and shrubs, 46 % to agriculture and slightly less than 1% was unproductive land.
Les Verrières consists of the central town Grand Bourgeau, the east of it lying hamlets Belle -Perche and Le Cret and the westerly hamlets La Croix- Blanche and Meudon. In addition to Les Verrières includes the hamlet of Mont Verrières ( 1,200 m above sea level. M. ) on the eponymous mountain south of the valley, Petits Cernets ( 1'142 m above sea level. M. ) and Grands Cernets ( 1,160 m above sea level. M. ) on the southern slope of the Larmont chain as well as numerous isolated farms scattered through the Jura hills. Neighboring municipalities of Les Verrières are Val -de- Travers and La Côte- aux- fées in the canton of Neuchâtel and Verrières -de -Joux, Pontarlier and Les Allies in neighboring France.
Population
With 702 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) Les Verrières one of the smaller municipalities in the canton of Neuchâtel. Of the 89.9 % inhabitants are French-speaking, German-speaking 4.4 % and 1.0 % in English (as of 2000). The population of Les Verrières rose rapidly in the 19th century and reached its highest level in 1888 with 1838 inhabitants. Since then, she went through continuous migration by more than half.
Economy
Les Verrières has long been a mainly coined by farming village. End of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century, industrialization with the introduction of the lace and watchmaking began. Until the ban in 1908 due to a national referendum was the absinthe production of meaning. Since the Middle Ages the through traffic was an important economic factor for the village. Even today, the border traffic plays an important role that industrial activity has declined sharply in the 1970s because of the crisis in the watch industry. In agriculture outweigh the livestock and dairy industry and thanks to the great forests and forestry.
Traffic
The community is conveniently moderately well developed. It is a major border crossing on the main road from Neuchatel to Pontarlier in France. On July 25, 1860, the inauguration of the railway line from Auvernier took place at a train station in Les Verrières to Pontarlier. In the meantime, continue on this line any regional trains. Les Verrières is by a postal car course that connected in the border town of Fleurier and some further upside to Pontarlier to the network of public transport.
History
The first written mention of the village was carried out in 1311 under the name Myezour. Then the names Joulz Mey ( 1337) and Mijoux 1344 villa de Verreriis or Mi -Joux dit ès Verrières published. Les Verrières belonged since the late 14th century to 1848 Kastlanei Val -de- Travers. During this time, the County of Neuchâtel held the sovereignty over the territory. Since 1648 Neuchâtel principality and 1707 was linked by personal union with the Kingdom of Prussia. 1806, the region was ceded to Napoleon I. and came in 1815 during the Congress of Vienna to the Swiss Confederation, the kings of Prussia until 1857 Neuchâtel trade also prince of Neuchâtel remained.
Les Verrières made since the 16th century, a whole community out of which 1826 La Côte- aux- Fées solved. 1878, the community association was dissolved, Grand and Petit Bayard Bayard were independently and Meudon, Belle -Perche and Grand Bourgeau merged to church today Les Verrières.
In Les Verrières passed on February 1, 1871 after signing a Internierungsvertrages the defeated in the Franco-German war Bourbaki Army the border to Switzerland, where she was interned by Swiss soldiers. This event is shown on the Bourbaki Panorama in Lucerne.
Attractions
The Reformed Church of Saint -Nicolas was built in 1517 in late gothic style. A Catholic chapel has existed since 1942.
Pictures
Church of Saint Nicolas ( 1517)
Silo and railway station
Well Alfred Rosselet
La Vy Renaud
Personalities
- Salomé de Gélieu (1742-1820), educator and teacher at European courts, grew up in Les Verrières
- Esther de Gélieu (1757-1817), teacher, school principal and educator, born in Les Verrières
- Jean Landry ( engineer) ( 1875-1940 ), electrical engineer and president of the EPFL in Lausanne, born in Meudon