Lesene

The pilaster (from French lisière " hem ", " edge ", " edge "), even wall panel, construction is a narrow and slightly protruding vertical reinforcement of the wall.

Function

Pilasters are used in architecture for optical breakdown of a facade wall or other surface, but - in contrast to pilasters - without base and capital. They serve as a simulated architecture not only to decorate plain walls, but also as a corner pilaster strips to accentuate the edges of buildings - to technically relevant bodies to play here but also quite the effect as a reinforcement of the structure added: For the Roman pilaster as a regular form of out in the Gothic the building pulled buttress be considered.

Use

Pilasters were used in different eras, as well as in Roman and subsequently in the Byzantine architecture. This in northern Italy (mainly in Ravenna) popular style spread to the Germanic Lombards settled there, so that almost character defining features of the Lombard architecture were arched friezes interconnected pilasters. Lombard architects were famous for their craftsmanship and sought after abroad, and so encouraged the spread of this style.

North of the Alps, these design elements are already very early in the collegiate churches St.Cyriakus in Gernrode (before 1000) or the nearby St.Servatius in Quedlinburg ( 997-1021 ). Of great influence was the use of pilasters at the Speyer Cathedral (1030-1106), which inspired many architects to follow. They are found in many Romanesque churches.

Since the Renaissance, the pilaster is completely replaced by pilasters - although formally oriented architects such as Palladio and the architect of the classical Baroque quite very reduced, use lisenenhafte elements. But then she lives in historicism ( Gothic Revival ) again and finds himself consistently in the functional architecture of the Hochindustrialismus, especially in the brick architecture. The plaster facades of historicism use the pilaster as a cleaner structure, in particular as Ecklisene to mount the facade on the building's edge. In grooved shape it is there to Eckquaderung.

Since the brutalism, the pilaster is again as Carefully stand serene supporting element of the skeleton structure in concrete - not as apparent support, but as a functional load-bearing element.

Gallery

Pilasters and arched frieze at the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia in Ravenna (ca. 430 AD)

Pilaster on the stair tower of the collegiate church Gernrode (before 1000)

Pilasters at the Abbey Church Khajuraho ( 1156 )

• Modernism and postmodernism

Pilasters at the Chile House, Hamburg

• Component (construction)
• Façade