Leubnitzbach

The valley in its upper layers

The Leubnitzbach, also Holy Born named after a source in its middle reaches, or Neuostraer water is a left tributary of the Elbe river in the southern city of Dresden. The stream had a high importance since the middle ages for the water supply of Dresden.

Name

Leubnitzbach is similar to the name of the village Leubnitz, which is a district of Dresden today.

Often found in the literature for the watercourse, the term Holy Born, which refers to a rich and located in the middle reaches its source. According to tradition, the water should have been used by wall -propelled sick washes because they promised them healing.

Running and Geology

The Leubnitzbachtal begins on the southern slopes of Dresden Elbe Valley in the form of three small rivulets in the fields between Goppeln, Rippien and Rosentitz. These are the Brit 's Trench, Trench Keul and Zauch Trench. In their source areas, the soils consist of several meters thick layers of clay lösshaltigem. The source runs have dug down to the underlying Plänersandstein and cut through the falling Gehängefläche as gentle depressions.

Prior to entering the period starting with steep slopes Leubnitzgrund unite the mostly dry ditches lying on a common course. Here begins a relatively narrow little valley, which is bordered on both sides by small gardens and meadows. Even before the start of the urban development in the Holy reason is the source of the Holy Born, which is a hill -like fountain house ( created 1835) protected. At its foot steps of a small but intense inflow, which leads into the hitherto mostly dry bed of the Leubnitzbaches lying a few meters away. About 200 meters down the river has a small built 1955 reservoirs for flood protection.

After about 400 meters the Leubnitzbach reached at Wells Street the limit of local development. Here is a powered by conduit sandstone fountain with benches. The small plant was built in 1992 after a design by the sculptor Petra Graupner.

The creek runs with his run through the village Leubnitz - Neuostra, where he can be followed on an old parallel leading foot. At the point where it reaches the old connecting between Pfarrgut and the Church Leubnitz - Neuostra, cross the Leubnitzbach two historic pedestrian bridges made ​​of sandstone. From here it flows in a northeasterly direction to the Dohnaer road. A few meters in front of this main road is in its condensed with ashlar masonry bed a small weir that reveals an old and disused branch today. Previously, waving his aboveground course here in the direction of the village chasing where he flowing not the Kaitzbachmühlgraben and today united in the area of ​​retention basin at the Hugo - Bürkner Park with the Kaitzbach. Today there along the road Dohnaer on this line an underground supply. With his previous history between the northern part of the village center of Leubnitz and the former meadows on the retention basin east of chasing it included archwise an area that was in his original ground of old humus soils and north of its course at the Dohnaer street borders a strip of clay and sandy marl at.

The further course of Leubnitzbaches at the Dohnaer street in city outward direction is taken underground for about 300 meters, the highway crosses ( Federal Highway 172 ) at the level of the former Weizenin work - flows and on industrial premises to the Koitzschgraben. The Koitzschgraben was originally a separate stream, which had its source in an earlier meadow southeast of the present village center of St. Peter. About the Koitzschgraben the water reaches the land and digging in bladder wit the same.

Flood protection and

The Leubnitzbach can skyrocket when it rains. Its relatively broad fan-like headwaters collects thereby large amounts of rainwater. For this reason, a few meters away there is a small retention basin prior to the development of Leubnitz - Neuostra.

Importance for the historical water supply Dresden

Great importance had the river to the medieval and later water supply of the Dresden fortress. The reason for this is the Holy Born. Another source in Lower Gorbitz and the Holy Born were the only two historic mining sites for health safe water throughout the course of the year in the near region of the ancient fortress city. For this reason, one had early placed a wooden tube water pipe of Leubnitz in the fortress. It was built in 1551-1555 by a trade union of public officials and citizens with electoral support. Their course ran through the Leubnitzer ground along the road Teplitzer about chasing, thence almost parallel with the Kaitzbach by the Bürgerwiese the old city center. The trench on the fortifications was bridged with a Röhrstuhl. This wooden structure was lined with lead plates and additionally led the Kaitzbach through the fortress wall. Then the water over main tubes and Röhrkästen (later sandstone troughs and basins ) in addition to tubes of many streets distributed. Some other important water pipes of the Dresden fortress with the castle are even older, but came from the direction of Dresden -Plauen, led zoom Weißeritz water, and from the direction Räcknitz. Another Röhrleitung headed spring water of low Gorbitz to the city.

For the tubes they used pine wood. Were needed with a larger diameter tubes, one procured the necessary logs from Bohemia. The water mains had a bore diameter of 7.7 cm, 8.8 cm and 10.6 cm. The lines to the houses were equipped with a diameter of 2.7 and 5.3 cm. For this secondary line the pine trunks came from the Dresden Heath and from a forest area in Elsterwerda. The length of a single tube was 6 cubits (3.40 m). Your life amounted depending on soil type on a minimum of 6 and maximum of 80 years. Until the 19th century it was used in Dresden wires which were connected to each other via a beaten into the wood, circular iron metal strips on the front page of the tribes. With their production and the repair of the now grown complex line systems Röhrmeister was commissioned. During the 19th century, increasingly translated by water pipes from the Elbe Sandstone, These consisted of elongated blocks with a central hole. In the mid-18th century, the water pipe system included in Dresden's Old Town and New Town a total length of 200 kilometers. The growth of the urban population raised the prices of water supply and there were not enough suitable tree trunks available in high quality. Therefore we experimented with iron and clay pipes. However, the results did not run satisfactorily. Although stone tubes have already been discussed at the end of the 18th century, the City Council's decision was made at the suggestion of Rudolf Sigismund Blochmann for their benefit until the year 1835. The laying work were associated with the laying of iron gas pipes. Supplies came from the sand quarries near Cotta and Postelwitz.

The Leubnitzer Röhrleitung supplied the city for over 400 years with spring water. Thanks to its yield and good quality of the Holy Born was an important location in the vicinity of Dresden. The annual spring discharge is 150,000 cubic meters. His ongoing water management he owes the incident in a northeasterly direction Cretaceous strata. They consist of alternating overlying sedimentary sequences with impermeable horizons ( pläners and marl ) and intermediate aquifers of porous rock strata. As it turns out in the new town and another former fountain of its kind in Dresden on the example of the Artesian well, existing in the layers amounts of water are considerable. With the Heiligenborn they come naturally to light and allow the entrained water volumes in the form of a leak source.

In most small southern side valleys of Dresden the pläners or marl layers form a water trough. These layers are also the reason that in Leubnitz, Torna and chasing before the building existed several marshy meadows, some of which gave their water into the system of Kaitzbaches, including the Leubnitzbach heard.