Lido di Venezia
The Lido di Venezia (from the Latin litus = beach, coast) is the average, Venice upstream part of a Spit, ranging from Chioggia to Jesolo and separates the Venice lagoon from the open Adriatic Sea. It developed in the 19th century into a chic seaside resort with luxurious hotels. As the scene of Thomas Mann's novella Death in Venice he found in literature.
The Lido is the venue for the annual International Film Festival of Venice.
Geography
Together with the southern islands Pellestrina and Sottomarina and the northern headland Cavallino Lido forms the outer boundary of the lagoon of Venice. The 11 km -long island has an area of 4 km ². For Census 2001 17.848 permanent inhabitants were detected on the island, of which 16,843 in the capital and 620 in the town of Lido Alberoni. At the reporting date June 25, 2010 17 346 inhabitants are called.
The main town and by far the largest place Lido, the venue of the film festival, currently for which a large new building is being built, is situated in the north., As well as the Grand Hotel des Bains ( setting for Thomas Mann's Death in Venice ), Venice Casino and the Grand Hotel Excelsior.
The 620 inhabitants ( 2001) second-largest city, Alberoni, is situated at the southern end. Alberoni is a small settlement at the foot of a large forest and nature reserve, here also is a golf course.
Malamocco, in the middle, was the first and for a long time the only settlement. In Malamocco residence of the Doge of Venice, before the latter moved in the 9th century in the Venice of today, which until then had hardly settled. At the 2001 census, it is no longer detected as a separate site.
At least half the Adriatic side of the island is sandy beach, both private ( more in the north at the level of the big hotels ) as well as public. The rest of the coastal strip is attached with large Istrian stone, the murazzi. These were shipped to the Republic of Venice times over the Adriatic Sea and to protect against erosion on the coast, along with numerous sole, piled up. The Adriatic Sea is fairly clean and warm. The beaches are the most important seaside resorts for Venetians and tourists since the other equipped with beaches islands are either difficult to reach ( Pelle Trina ) or not so closely associated with Venice in connection ( Jesolo peninsula as part of the mainland ).
The heart of the island is the Gran Viale Santa Maria Elisabetta, a wide road of about 700 meters in length, which leads from the lagoon on one side by the sea on the other. It is home to hotels, shops and tourist -centric restaurants. The island is rarely wider than at this point, so it forms a long, narrow strip of land along with the peninsulas Jesolo and Pellestrina the natural boundary between the lagoon and the Adriatic Sea.
History
In late antiquity the island of Lido Bovense was, in the early Middle Ages rather Lido di San Nicolò. There, one of the passages from the Adriatic was in the lagoon of Venice. In the north of the island was since about 1053 to St. Nicholas consecrated Benedictine abbey, and since 1389 a small Jewish cemetery.
1070 Doge Domenico Contarini I. was buried in the church of San Nicolò del Lido. 1177 landed Pope Alexander III. accompanied Norman ships on the Lido. 1202 used the Republic of Venice, the area to assess thousands of crusaders who had not paid their debts in connection with the Fourth Crusade. They waited there on the crossing, which began on 10 October 1202. 1244 the Ghibelline Salinguerra II Torelli was buried in the church.
On June 11, 1412 landed a Hungarian fleet at the Lido, but subject to the Hungarians on June 24 at the Battle of Motta di Livenza.
Between September 1 and March 31 pilots were taken on board in Istria, whose highly specialized stand consisted exclusively of Venetians. They were called the Big Pilot, of which there were only thirteen in 1458. They had brought their boats through the lagoon, which with its shoals difficult to navigate. With the pilot on board was first S. Nicolò di Lido, which was a major port until the 16th century, driven, where there was a control station next to a lighthouse.
Until the 19th century the island was sparsely populated, a village was built around the church of Santa Maria Elisabetta. 1855 was built here the first public bath in Europe, the place was known as The Lido and the end of the 19th century, the epitome of beach and bath operation. 1857 began the commercial use of the beach by Giovanni Busetto. 1872 took over, which was established this year Società Bagni del Lido charge of the baths. In 1871, construction of the Porto di Lido, the harbor, approved, however, only began in 1882. This year, the first time the Lido vaporetto also drove to and bound him to San Zaccaria. From 1890 stone bridges were replaced by wood.
1882 there was a serious flood in Venice. The orphans were housed on the Lido. There was in the same year a barracks for the carabinieri. 1883, the Lido was amalgamated with the towns of Lido, Malamocco and Alberoni to Venice. 1892 was the first school on the island, in 1900, the water line was extended to the Lido of Venice, as well as the 1905 power supply.
In 1906, the hoteliers came together to Compagnia alberghi Lido, In 1907 an electric railway beach. With industrialization on the mainland the previous passages were too narrow in the lagoon from the Adriatic Sea to let happen tankers can. Therefore, in 1925 began the widening works, in their wake came considerably larger amounts of salt water at a higher rate in the lagoon. This led to ecological changes, and the exposure of the building structure to which there are disputes to this day. The construction work lasted until 1931, but since the last 70 years almost constantly. The very wide passage also received an artificial island, ranging from 20 goals as part of the flood control project Mo.SE after Treporti and 21 to Lido San Nicolò -. Each gate is 20 m wide, with the height varies greatly. At Lido Treporti they are 18.5 m high, 29.6 m at Malamocco. Their thickness varies from 3.6 m at Lido Treporti and 5 m at Chioggia. The Control Center is created in the arsenal.