Limnocharitaceae

The water poppy family ( Limnocharitaceae ) were a family in the order plantain -like ( Alismatales ) the plants within the monocots. The small family includes three genera with about seven species, pantropical used in fresh water.

The only in 1981 first described family went on with the publication of the APG III in the plantain family ( Alismataceae ).

Description

Habit and foliage leaves

The species of this family grow as a perennial herbaceous plant. They contain latex. This marsh or water plants produce stolons or rhizomes and fine roots with which they are anchored in the ground. The plant parts have no hair.

The leaves are basal, or distributed on the stem and usually alternate, arranged spirally or rarely two lines. You are heterophyll, which means they form different leaves, in this case, depending on whether the leaves are formed over or under water. The flooding leaves are linear and sitting. The formed over water leaves are stalked and its leaf blade is linear to obovate with a significantly raised central rib. The main veins are parallel and the lateral nerves are arranged like a net. The leaf margin is smooth. There are scales available in the leaf axils.

Inflorescences and flowers

They are on a flooding or upright inflorescence stem a scheindoldigen inflorescence with bracts; sometimes are the flowers individually.

The stalked, radial symmetry, the threefold, hermaphroditic flowers have a double perianth. There are three long-lasting, free sepals present. The three delicate, free petals are white or yellow. The flowers contain six to (100 ) many ( centrifugal ) free stamens; they are sometimes grouped together in bundles. The outer stamens are sometimes transformed into staminodes. The ever three-cell pollen grains may have three to nine apertures. In a circle, three to twenty, usually ten to twelve upper permanent carpels, which are more or less free. In each carpel are in laminar placentation fifty or more ovules. The nectar secretion occurs at the base of the carpels.

Fruit and seeds

The three to twenty follicles that are formed per flower stand together like the head. In mature seed endosperm is not available. Embryo are U-shaped.

Chromosomes

The chromosomes are large. The chromosome number is n = 7, 8, 10

Systematics and distribution

The distribution is pantropical.

The Limnocharitaceae family was only in 1981 by poor Tachtadschjan in Arthur John Cronquist: set up An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants. The type genus is Limnocharis Bonpl .. The genera were formerly classified in the Butomaceae.

Today, the family is considered part of the Alismataceae.

The Limnocharitaceae family contains three genera with seven to eight species:

• Butomopsis Kunth (syn.: Tenagocharis Hochstetter ), with only one type: Butomopsis latifolia ( D.Don ) Kunth: The wide area of ​​distribution extends from northern Africa, across India, Nepal and southern Yunnan and the entire Southeast Asia to northern Australia.

• Swamp Lieb (. . Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau, Syn: Alisma L. flavum, Limnocharis emarginata Humb & Bonpl ): The original home is South America; it is in many areas of the world, especially in Asia, a neophyte.

Use

Some species are used as ornamental plants for ponds or aquariums.

Especially in Indonesia and Indochina plant parts of Limnocharis flava are eaten as a vegetable or salad.

Swell

• The Limnocharitaceae family in APWebsite. ( Section systematics and description)
• The Limnocharitaceae family at DELTA. ( Description section )
• Wang Qingfeng, Robert R. Haynes & C. Barre Hellquist: Limnocharitaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 23: Description and key of the Chinese taxa in the Flora of China ( draft). ( Description section )
• Robert R. Haynes: Limnocharitaceae in the Flora of North America, Volume 22: Online. ( Description section )
• Robert R.Haynes & LB Holm -Nielsen: The Limnocharitaceae, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. , Volume 56, 1992, pp. 1-34. ( Section systematics and description)
• Emerson Ricardo Pansarin: Neotropical Limnocharitaceae: Online. ( Description section )