Lord Marshal (Sweden)

As a country marshal (or Marshal ) is designated in some constitutions landständischen the speaker of parliament, which was elected at the beginning of the Diet from its center or appointed by the ruler. Do not confuse this with the same high office in the Order of Teutonic Knights.

The term is occupied documented for Austria since 1383 for Livonia and since 1358. Landmarschälle there were, among others, in Mecklenburg, Silesia, Pomerania, Tyrol, Lower Austria and Galicia.

In some provinces Prussian nobles led the feudal honorary title of Erblandmarschalls. This, however, was not affiliated with any official function.

With the introduction of the Prussian county in 1823 and here the office of parliament Marshal was introduced as chairman of the national assembly. The Marshal was appointed by the king. Between the sessions of the county day he was head of a permanent management committee for the provincial institutions. During the conference period, the Marshal had considerable political weight. He was the head of business inserted the committees and certain their members. In addition, the marshals had the right to exclude politically unpopular deputies of the meetings. With the abolition of the provincial estates 1875, the dignity of parliament Marshal has been abolished.

Sweden

In Sweden, the country Marshal ( lantmarskalk ) was in the 17th, 18th and 19th century, the Chairman of the state of chivalry in which stands the Reichstag from 1668 to 1865 from the four stands (nobility, priests, burghers and peasants ) existing and thus the same time President of the latter; he was either appointed by the king, or elected by the knights. Among the most important were Per Brahe the Younger, Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna, Arvid Horn, Carl Gustaf Tessin and Fredrik Axel von Fersen.