Lucinidae

Lucinoma borealis

The Lucinidae ( moon shells ) are the only family of the superfamily Lucinoidea within the mussels ( Bivalvia ). The types of ( over-) family living in symbiosis with sulfur bacteria. It is a very diverse and species-rich family whose oldest representatives from the Silurian originate (about 443.7 to about 416 mya ) ( Ilionia ).

Construction of the shell

The housing is equivalve and roundish in outline, elliptical or rounded - triangular. The outside of the case is predominantly concentrically ornamented until smooth, for some species, with complicated patterns. The shell is composed of an outer and aragonitisch prismatic layer, a middle layer and an inner kreuzlamellaren complex kreuzlamellaren position. The vortex is small and pointed ortho or prosogyr. The castle is heterodont heterodont or reduced. The left valve has two cardinal teeth and two front and two rear Lateralzähne. The right valve has two cardinal teeth and one each Lateralzahn. The external lock band ( ligament ) is opisthodet and lies on sunken nymphs. The sphincters are more or less non-uniformly ( anisomyar ). The surface line is integripalliat. The gills are usually contain very large with thick filaments, the cells with bacteria.

Way of life

The Lucinoidea live endobenthonisch, that is buried in the sediment. If they are exposed, they can dig very quickly. The species of the superfamily come from tidal and mangrove area until the deeper area of ​​the continental slope (ca. 2100 m). You have a greatly reduced stomach and live in symbiosis with bacteria sulfidoxydierenden.

Occurrence

The superfamily Lucinoidea is distributed worldwide.

System

The earlier, more extensive superfamily Lucinoidea was by Taylor & Glover (to 2006) to the Lucinidae family to which the following genera may be asked:

  • Link anodontia, 1807
  • Austriella Tenison - Woods, 1881
  • Barber Ella Chavan, 1938
  • Bathyaustriella Glover, Taylor & Rowden, 2004
  • Bellucina Dall, 1901
  • Callucina Dall, 1901
  • Cardiolucina Sacco, 1901
  • Cavilinga Chavan, 1937
  • Cavilucina Fischer, 1887
  • Chavania Glover & Taylor, 2001
  • Codakia Scopoli, 1777
  • Ctena Moerch, 1860
  • Divalinga Chavan, 1951
  • Divaricella Martens, 1880
  • Eomiltha Cossmann, 1912
  • Epicodakia Iredale, 1930
  • Epilucina Dall, 1901
  • Fimbria Bohadsch, 1761
  • Gibbolucina Cossmann & Peyrot, 1912
  • Here Gabb, 1866
  • Loripes Poli, 1791
  • Lucina Bruguiere, 1797
  • Lucinisca Dall, 1901
  • Lucinoma Dall, 1901
  • Megaxinus Brugnone, 1880
  • Microloripes Cossmann, 1912
  • Miltha Adams, 1857
  • Monitilora Iredale, 1930
  • Myrtéa Turton, 1822
  • Myrteopsis Sacco, 1901
  • Notomyrtea Iredale, 1924
  • Parvilucina Dall, 1901
  • Pegophysema Stewart, 1930
  • Phacoides Gray, 1847
  • Pillucina Pilsbry, 1921
  • Pleurolucina Chavan, 1942
  • Pseudolucinisca Chavan, 1959
  • Rasta Taylor & Glover, 2000
  • Stewartia Olsson & Harbison, 1953
  • Wallucina Iredale, 1930

The number of valid genera is controversial, since some genera are regarded as major genera with several subgenera. Other authors, however, consider the sub-genera as separate genera or as synonyms of Nominatgattung. Millard (1997) divided the family into three subfamilies: Lucininae Fleming, 1928, Milthinae Korobkhov, 1954 and Divaricellinae Chavan, 1954; this breakdown is not taken over by Taylor and Glover (2006).

The status of the following, traditionally made ​​to the Lucinoidea exclusively fossil groups

  • Family Paracyclidae Johnsston, 1993
  • Family Mactromyidae Cox, 1929
  • Family Babinkidae Horny, 1960

Is uncertain.

The formerly classified into the superfamily Lucinoidea families Thiasiridae, Ungulinidae and Cyrenoididae were spun by Taylor & Glover (2006), the superfamily membership within the order Veneroida but left open.

Sulfur-reducing bacteria Mya (unit) Seashell Genus Aragonite
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