Veneroida

Venus verrucosa

The Veneroida are an order of mussels ( Bivalvia ), which is expected to superorder within the subclass Heterodonta Autolamellibranchiata. The first representatives of this group are known from the Ordovician. You might be one of the largest orders of mussels.

Characteristics

The housing of the Veneroida are, with few exceptions most equivalve. The shell is aragonitisch with predominantly kreuzlamellaren and prismatic microstructures without nacre layers. The castle is mostly well educated, but can be greatly reduced in some groups. The sphincters are usually isomyar.

Way of life

According to the great diversity there are many different ways of life. Predominantly, however, is digging in soft sediment. Other forms lying on the sediment and live in symbiosis with algae. The vast majority of Veneroida lives in the sea, a few groups, however, are also penetrated into fresh water.

System

The order is subdivided into about 13 to 17 superfamilies:

• Superfamily Arcticoidea Newton, 1891 Family Arcticidae Newton, 1891 Genus Arctica Schumacher, 1817 Art Iceland clam ( Arctica islandica Linnaeus, 1767)

• Family Astartidae d' Orbigny, 1844 Genus Astarte J. Sowerby, 1816 Art Astarte montagui

• Family cockles ( Cardiidae Lamarck, 1809) Genus Cardium Linnaeus, 1758

• Pea clams ( Pisidiidae Gray, 1857)
• Clams ( Corbiculidae Gray, 1847)

• Family zebra mussels ( Dreissenidae JE Gray, 1840) Type zebra mussel ( Dreissena polymorpha )

• Ox heart ( glossus humanus )

• Family Cyrenoididae H. and A. Adams, 1857
• Family Fimbriidae Nicol, 1950
• Family Lucinidae Fleming, 1828 Type Lucinoma borealis Linnaeus, 1767

• Family Anatinellidae Gray, 1853
• Family Cardilidae Fischer, 1887
• Family surf clams ( Mactridae Lamarck, 1809)
• Family Mesodesmatidae Gray, 1839

• Family Pharidae H. Adams and A. Adams, 1858 Sword -shaped kind clams ( Ensis ensis )
• Art American clams ( Ensis directus )

• Family Donacidae Donax serra Roeding, 1798

• Family giant clams ( Tridacnidae Lamarck, 1819)

• Family Glauconomidae Gray, 1853
• Family Petricolidae Deshayes, 1831 Genus Petri Cola Lamarck, 1801 Art American piddock ( Petri Cola pholadiformis )

• Genus Chamelea Morch, 1853 Art Striped Clam ( Chamelea gallina Linnaeus, 1758)

Current developments: Bieler & Mikkelsen (2006) have transferred the following superfamilies in the order Veneroidea.

• Gastrochaenoidea and the
• Hiatelloidea

In previous classifications, they are still made ​​to order Myoida.

The superfamily

• Crassatelloidea (including Carditoidea ) was developed by Bieler & Mikkelsen (2006 ) as the sole family in the order Carditoida Dall, made ​​in 1889.