Ludwig von Friedeburg
Ludwig Ferdinand von Friedeburg ( born May 21, 1924 in Wilhelmshaven, † 17 May, 2010 Frankfurt am Main ) was a German sociologist at the Institute for Social Research and politician ( SPD). In the 1970s, he sat down as Hessian Minister of Culture for greater equality of opportunity through education one, his efforts to resolve the three -tier school system in comprehensive schools met with great resistance.
Life
His father Hans -Georg von Friedeburg was Admiral, from 1943 Commanding Admiral of Submarines and 1945, a signatory to the total surrender of the German Wehrmacht.
The son of Louis -Ferdinand was a naval officer. He finished his officer training in June 1943 and officer of the watch was then Second Watch Officer ( WO II ) and later first (I WO ) on the type IXC/40 Boot U 548 of Oberleutnant zur See Eberhard Zimmermann. As a lieutenant, he was the transfer of U 155, also applied a large boat of the type IX from Lorient to Flensburg. The next 43 days at sea from 9 September to 21 October 1944 made him the youngest German U- boat commanders of the Second World War. At this time of peace Castle only 20 years and 111 days old. In the period between November 1944 and February 1945, he visited the command course and received the Baubelehrung for the new submarine class XXIII. On 1 May 1945 he presented his new boat, U 4710 in Kiel in the service, but there was no further war effort. Then he fell into Allied hands, from which he was released on 12 September 1947.
From 1947 to 1951 Ludwig von Friedeburg studied in Kiel and Freiburg, where he graduated in 1951 as a psychologist. In 1952 he also received his doctorate in Freiburg on the survey as an instrument of social sciences. From 1951 to 1954 he was assistant at the Institute for Allensbach. In 1955, he joined as head of department at the Frankfurt Institute for Social Research. In 1960 he habilitated with Theodor W. Adorno with a thesis on the sociology of work climate. From 1962 to 1966 peace Castle was a professor of sociology and director of the Institute of Sociology at the Free University of Berlin. In 1966 he was appointed to the University of Frankfurt and again to the director of the Institute for Social Research. As the Managing Director he in office from 1975 to 2001.
Family
On April 8, 1960 Ludwig von Friedeburg married, born 1936 Ellen Schölch, daughter of Henry Schölch, producer, and Hulda Landgraf. She had studied with Adorno and graduated with a degree in sociology.
Education policy
From 1969 to 1974 he was Minister of Education under Prime Minister of Hessen Albert Osswald. The target of his education reforms were extremely controversial. From peace Petersburg school policy polarized such that the later Prime Minister Roland Koch ( CDU), said: " Ludwig von Friedeburg has the CDU in Hesse probably more new members supplied as anyone else. "
Its other main school policy were:
- Transformation of the 5th and 6th classes in school type cross conveyor stages
- Conversion of all secondary schools in total schools
- Recasting of curriculum content in German and social studies
Required, but not intensively was the introduction of all-day school.
1972/73 increased from Friedeburg the Hessian guidelines for the basic and intermediate level and high schools before, sparking a storm of indignation, but with a part of his followers also enthusiasm. They were considered to be the most profound changes in respect of all federal states.
Discussion focused primarily on:
- Radical break with the learning goal as German standard language in the teaching of German
- The abolition of the teaching of history in favor of a new compartment Social Teaching
- The content requirements for German and social studies that emanated from emancipatory social criticism socialization and communication theories.
In mathematics education at the same time the introduction of set theory in the teaching of elementary schools was discussed.
The discussions also relax on the person of peace Petersburg and subsided only after peace Burg's successor, Hans Kroll man (SPD ) undertook changes.
From Friedeburg forced the creation of new funding levels and comprehensive schools, often against fierce opposition of the affected schools and parents. The stated aim was to abolish the differentiated system. This policy was continued by his successors, Social Democratic and did not end until 1987, when the CDU won the state elections with the election promises of the " school choice ".
Honors
Ludwig von Friedeburg received the Cross of Merit 1st class of the Federal Republic of Germany. Honored has it the city of Frankfurt in 1994 with the Goethe plaque for outstanding scientific and educational achievements. On June 23, 2006 he gave the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at the Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg honorary doctorate as one of the decisive heads of educational reform in the 60s and 70s.
Publications (selection )
- ( With Jürgen Habermas, Christoph Oehler and Friedrich Weltz ) Student and politics. A sociological study of the political consciousness Frankfurter students. Luchterhand, Neuwied 1961.
- Sociology of work climate. Studies on the interpretation of empirical studies in major industrial operations. European publishing house, Frankfurt am Main 1963, 2nd edition 1966.
- Youth in modern society. Kiepenheuer & Petrovich, Cologne 1965.
- (Ed. with Jürgen Habermas): Adorno Conference 1983 Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main, 1983 ISBN 3518280600. .
- Education reform in Germany. History and social contradiction, Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main, 1989 ( paperback edition 2002). ISBN 3518286153