Lutter (Frieda)

BW

The Lutter is a right-side or northern tributary of Frieda district Eichsfeld in Thuringia ( Germany ).

Course

The Lutter runs exclusively in Obereichsfeld and Eichsfeld Hainich Werra. It rises on the southern edge of the Westerwald 2 km east-northeast of Großbartloff. Your source located on the grounds of the homestead Lutter mill, which belongs to the southern Effelder and is located in the directory named after the creek origin and tree deciduous forest Luttertal.

The Lutter flows through the grounds of the Lutter mill north to kinking after barely 100 m flow path towards the west southwest. At that buckling takes Lutter water two shortly before unifying streams: on the one hand, the several -kilometer-long stone ditch, which flows from the north of Wachstedt through a narrow valley approximately along the Ostrands from Westerwald approach, and on the other hand, the significantly shorter Kellerborn, the fed by a nameless brook from the southeast - - From the south comes from the direction of Effelder.

Below the mill the Lutter Lutter of coming from the Westerwald region of north creek flows to nine Börner, which runs along the Wachstedt and Großbartloff interconnecting country road 2032. Henceforth, the Lutter flows along this road, where they later also amongst to Effelder Klosterscheune little happens.

Then the Lutter in the municipality of Großbartloff occurs. In dortiger Spitzmühle the stream tumbles over the 10 m high cliff of Lutter waterfall in a small canyon -like valley basins. Beyond the waterfall flows from the south of the small Rottenbach one. In the village the Lutter bends in the confluence area of the current flowing from the north to the south Wolfentalsbachs. Below wholesale Bartl offs it passes the village belonging to the settlement Herode.

In the municipality of Geismar one - then the Lutter occurs - continue along the L 2032 fluently. About a mile below the creek there Entenmühle it flows between the countries along its estuary waters Geismar villages in the northwest and Lengenfeld under the stone in the southeast in the flowing there coming from the east Werra tributary Frieda.

Geology

The close erosion valley of Lutter is bounded by limestone and marl slopes of the Lower Muschelkalk. Partly with fossil inclusions - - In the area of Spitzmühle and dortigem Lutter waterfall bankige solid yet porous travertine are, and loose Kalksande be found. These rocks are about 5,000 to 10,000 years old. Below Großbartloff the river valley is quite wide, the flanks are formed of clay, marl layers of the Röt that are covered in sections of floating earth, limestone rubble and loess. The valley floor consists of Holocene Süßwasserkalken and Auelehmen. Kalksande be transported from the carbonate - and sulfate-rich water Lutter, so be deposited Süßwasserkalke.

Flora, Fauna and Protected Areas

The stirring up of the water at Lutter waterfall contributes by oxygen enrichment for self-cleaning of Lutter. In this narrow, tree- some forest valley just below the Falls live as wagtails, dippers and wrens.

The area along the stone trench and those in Luttertal of the Lutter source to below the monastery mill is part of the multi-part bird sanctuary " Southern calibration field " ( field number 4727-420 ), which coincides with the southern part of the Fauna- Flora-Habitat area " Ibenkuppe -Thomas bridge - Eastern Westerwald " (No. 4727-320 ) is. In addition, the eastern valley slopes in the lower reaches area of ​​Lutter, which are in turn part of the aforementioned bird sanctuary, the northern part of the FFH area " limestone slopes of Großbartloff to Faulungen " (No. 4727-301 ) correspond.

Flood

In Luttertal there are always times severe flooding, the worst of the 20th century was probably that of 1956. Yet this was far surpassed the afternoon of 23 July 2004. This Friday, the southern part of the Upper Eichsfeld by a short but very violent thunderstorm or a waterspout was haunted. Was particularly affected, inter alia, the Luttertal. Within a short time produced large amounts of rain, which swelled greatly Lutter and its tributaries. According to estimates official sites worth about 500,000 euros - - caused to land and buildings through the village Großbartloff by entrained boulders and trees " enriched " huge volumes of water, the substantial material damage rolled. The volunteer fire department and fire departments of neighboring communities Großbartloff had to pump out the basement, among others, as well as eliminate entrained trees and numerous damage with heavy technology. Subsequently, many roads were repaired. The storm almost led to a further catastrophe because torrential rain threatened to overflow through two filled to the brim manure basin located in the southern Effelder what the Luttertal had contaminated. But hurry manure parts were applied outside the local drinking water protection area to the land is thin, so that the levels of both basins could be reduced.

Water mills

In Luttertal several water mills were built, which were operated, for example as grinding, sawing, spinning and fulling mills.

• Lutter mill: The belonging to Effelder " Lutter mill ", which is at the Lutter source is mentioned since 1810, at that time owned a miller Oberthuer. The original grist mill was around 1900 technically modified by new owners and could be operated as needed as milling, sawing and spinning mill. In the outbuildings cigars were made ​​, woven textiles and manufactures furniture. 1965, the idyllic property was purchased as a holiday Dingelstädter operation and provided with a campsite. This mill conversion owes the forest inn «To Lutter mill " his existence.

• Klosterscheune: The also associated with Effelder " Klosterscheune » bach is down about 400 m southwest of the Lutter mill. They first belonged to the nearby monastery cell as grinding mill. With the Napoleonic occupation of the Eichsfeld ( early 19th century, with dissolution of the religious administration), the monastery was secularized. The mill was sold in 1811. Middle of the 19th century was the technical conversion into a spinning, this had three water wheels as drive and also had a fulling mill. Also the grinding operation was still possible. In 1926 a major fire to the complete destruction of the mill. On the fire place a board was established, forerunner of today's Forest Hotels « monastery mill ."

• Spitzmühle: The first, corresponding to Großbartloff mill on the Lutter is the " Spitzmühle ," this initially consisted of grinding mill " Upper Spitzmühle " and the fulling mill " Lower Spitzmühle ". This mill ( today Rodeberg ) later converted to a pumping plant for the water supply of the villages Struth and Effelder. The Upper Spitzmühle was demolished after closure.

• Fish Mill: In the middle of Großbartloff is the " fish mill ." This mill was in 1630 equipped with a still recognizable year in the rafters. She was to operate as milling, grinding and oil mill. The miller was probably in possession of the right to fish in a section of Lutter. In 1929, the milling was stopped and not broken until 1950. Then came a bakery in the mill building.

• Fiege mill, grinder and Hahnemühle Frommian: Furthermore, were still in the Großbartloff " Fiege mill ", which is named " Fromm's Mill " and the " Hahnemühle " each according to their owners. These mills are now demolished or converted for residential purposes.

• Entenmühle: At Geismar heard as the last mill on the Lutter near the muzzle " Entenmühle ". The mill property is a four-sided. Already in 1545 is of her speech, then in possession of a Lengenfelder citizen. The mill was still operational until 1950 as a grist mill and was used for their own use.

Transport links

Along the majority of the Lutter course leads the country road in 2032, which runs from the northeast Wachstedt located over the highest part of the Westerwald and then performs Großbartloff almost to the mouth of the creek.

Up until the 1990s operated on the southern and eastern valley slopes further downstream along the Lutter between Küllstedt or Büttstedt past Großbartloff and continue towards its mouth region leading the trains of the railway line field - Treysa. From the members of the cannon rail line to testify this section, you still the Küllstedter tunnel ( 1,530 m long), the Muhlenberg - I- tunnel (155 m), the Muhlenberg II tunnel ( 343/345 m), the Holy Mountain Tunnel (198 m) and the duck mountain tunnel (288 m). In the estuary near Lengenfeld under the stone is the Lengenfelder viaduct on the former route.