Ma'ale Adumim

Ma'ale Adumim, Ma'aleh Adumim or officially Maale Adummim (Hebrew מעלה אדומים ) is a city and Israeli settlement in the West Bank. It was founded in 1975 and is located 7 kilometers east of Jerusalem on a high plateau.

Ma'ale Adumim is with 35 673 inhabitants ( end of 2010), who mainly work in Jerusalem, the third largest Israeli settlement in the West Bank. It is located 6 to 15 kilometers east of the Green Line and is located west of the barrier fence.

Name

Ma'ale Adumim, German Red rise because of the reddish color of the rocks, was named after one mentioned in the Hebrew Bible in the Book of Joshua increase or passport at the border of the territories of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin (Josh. 15.7 EU- 18, 17 EU).

Legal Status

After Israeli Ma'ale Adumim opinion is one of the settlements, which must remain within Israel, it should come to a peace settlement with the Palestinians. The corresponding claim of the Israeli governments in the negotiation of a two -state solution has been supported by several American presidents, including Bill Clinton in 2000.

The European Court of Justice ruled on 25 February 2010 that the import of goods produced in Ma'ale Adumim goods duty was raised. In the case presented by the Fiscal Court of Hamburg, the company had declared in Ma'ale Adumim Brita -made bottles of club soda as Israeli products and thus want to import duty free. The Customs Office Hamburg refused this, Brita moved however, were unsuccessful in court. Conclusions on the international legal assessment of the Israeli settlement policy by the European Union can be drawn from the judgment.

History

Ma'ale Adumim was originally a Nahal outpost, was established as a settlement in late 1975 with 23 families. In 1979 she was given its own local government, 1991, she had around 15,000 inhabitants and was raised to town.

Geography

Ma'ale Adumim is located at an altitude of 450 meters above sea level surrounded by the Judean Desert, east of the Palestinian towns of Abu Dis and al - Eizarijah and 7 kilometers east of Jerusalem. The settlement is located at the narrowest part of the West Bank, which they cut in two, 13 kilometers from the border with Jordan. At its western end it is 6 kilometers away from the Green Line, at the eastern end 15 kilometers. Ma'ale Adumim is connected to Jerusalem and Tel Aviv by the highway 1 (Highway 1).

Population

The Ma'ale Adumim population consists mostly of secular Jewish Israelis, for the low house prices and proximity to Jerusalem are crucial.

Ma'ale Adumim in 1991 counted 15,000 residents, 1995, 18,000, the population in 2000 and nearly 25,000 in 2004 rose for the first time over 30,000. The end of 2010 they amounted to 35 673.

Settlement plans

One of Ariel Sharon planned project (East -1, in short: E-1) to cultivate the Ma'ale Adumim area between Jerusalem and thus to connect the settlement with Jerusalem, was out of the Palestinian Authority, inter alia, by Condoleezza Rice and George W. Bush criticized. Sharon had therefore waived development. The Obama administration described the project E-1 as a threat to the two-state solution. Many Israeli politicians - as the Prime Minister Ehud Olmert and Benjamin Netanyahu - brought however repeatedly in interviews expressed that the settlement was indivisible part of Israel itself.

Meanwhile, preliminary work was carried out in an estimated amount of 40 million euros, for example, a bypass road was built, and built a police station in the area.

Sponsored by the Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert presented in 2006 convergence Ma'ale Adumim plan is one of the three major settlement areas beyond the Green Line in the West Bank that Israel wants for itself.

The peace plan of the Israeli- Palestinian Geneva Initiative provides that Ma'ale Adumim with two other large settlements in a final peace treaty comes through land swap with Israel.

Land question

The Israeli peace organization Shalom Achschaw published in November 2006, a study that 86.38 percent of the land of Ma'ale Adumim were Palestinian private property and hence there is not under Israeli law should have been built. The pro-Israel U.S. non-governmental organization, the Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting in America (CAMERA ) then threw Shalom Achschaw a series of mistakes and was based on acts of the Israeli military, which had to be issued by a petition of Shalom Achschaw to the conclusion that only 0.5 % of Ma'ale Adumim were built on private Palestinian land, whereupon also Shalom Achschaw had to correct his numbers. According to CAMERA if it were in all cases complained about land owned by the state, which existed for the limited personal use rights, and not to private property.