Madison Avenue Bridge
40.814166666667 - 73.933333333333Koordinaten: 40 ° 48 ' 51 " N, 73 ° 56 ' 0 " W
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The Madison Avenue Bridge is a swing bridge over the Harlem River in New York City, which was opened in 1910 and the two districts of Manhattan and Bronx connects. The current bridge is the second building on the same spot.
History
First bridge
Already in 1874 requested Einwohnter and tradesmen local authorities for the construction of a bridge over the Harlem River at the height of 138ten road. Under the leadership of the New York City Parks Department, which was responsible for all bridges at that time, were created by engineers Alfred P. Boller and General John Newton plans for the first bridge in the amount of 138ten road, which opened to traffic in November 1884 been. Construction took about two years, the construction costs amounted to 510,000 U.S. dollars.
The iron structure of the first bridge consisted of a 91 m long swing bridge, which was flanked by two fixed fields. The lined with granite roadway of the bridge was 6.7 m wide and had two 1.5 m wide sidewalks on. The access roads were created on earth dams, which were held by retaining walls made of granite.
1885 drove the first horse-drawn tram in the Union Railway Company over the bridge, which were replaced in 1892 by the electric trams of the Metropolitan Street Railway Company.
Second bridge
After the 1898 annexation made of the Bronx and the rest of the city to present-day New York City responsible for the bridges from the Parks Department to the newly founded New York City Department of Bridges went on. This suggested the construction of a major bridge with wider access roads, because the old bridge is no longer enough for the grown traffic.
The design of the new bridge today began in 1903 and was directed by Alfred P. Boller, who had already planned the first bridge. It has the same dimensions as the old bridge down to the widened roadway and sidewalks. For driveways reinforced concrete bridges were planned in place of earth dams.
The construction of the new bridge began on October 8, 1907. Weil first had to be removed the old bridge, the road next to the building site on a makeshift swing bridge was diverted from steel and wood. This building alone cost 195,000 dollars and was more than two and a half years in operation.
The new bridge was opened to traffic on 18 July 1910. She was no longer traveled by tram because the operating company of the charges for the use of the bridge in the amount of 5 % of the total revenue generated were too high.
Building
The Madison Avenue Bridge is 577 m long with the access ramps. The middle section on the Harlem River is a 91 m long swing bridge whose steel truss is supported by a masonry pedestal in the middle of the river. The base is protected by wooden poles against the impact of ships. The two passages for ships have a clear width of 37 m and a clear height of 7.6 m. The roadway is 8.2 m wide with two 2.7 m wide sidewalks on both sides. The access ramps are located on reinforced concrete bridges.