Mangana (Constantinople)

The Mangana Palace in Constantinople Opel was named after the nearby magazines ( Mangana ). These magazines, such as the so-called ' new wing ' were also of Emperor Basil I ( 867-886 ) built, according to his biographer, the emperor Constantine VII ( 913-959 ) around here to store food for the imperial table and not to use the taxes for his personal maintenance, " can be at the expense of other table to the delight of those who were charged in the course of the year from him cover ".

Parts of the palace

The monastery of St. George in Mangana was mid-11th century by Constantine IX. Monomachos (1042-1054) founded as an expansion of the Grand Palace, as reported in the chronicles of Theodoros Skutariotes and the chronicles of Michael Psellos. The extensive complex was on three terraces was surrounded by a wall. It also contained a palace building, a garden and a hospital. The area was at least 800 m long, located between the wall of the Topkapi Palace and the seawall. Large cisterns supplied water for watering the garden and the bathrooms. According to Michael Psellos the emperor changed the design to the St. George's Church three times, to make it even more magnificent. The monastery possessed a rich library.

The gardens of the Mangana were above the palace and were so big that you can not see the enclosure and you could ride around on horseback in it. After Psellos ( Chronographia CLXXIII ) was Constantine, the equally distributed an overabundance of intelligence on serious purposes and his amusement, cause bring earth with the plants growing and bushes as well as all the trees, together with their fruits and roots from the mountains to create the garden. The Emperor waited not the natural changes and the seasons, but made ​​everything new, like the creator himself. Constantine IX. Monomachos was buried in 1054 in Mangana.

When Manuel I Comnenus a fortress ( Maiden's Tower ), built in Scutari in order to close the Bosporus with a chain to the other end of the chain was attached to a tower of Mangana. During the occupation by the Crusaders John Mesarites found in Mangana refuge. As of 1207, the monastery belonged to the Latins, Michael VIII Palaiologos up ( 1261-1282 ) Konstantin Opel reconquered. In the 14th century the abbot of Mangana received the title Protosynkellos and became only the abbot of the monastery after studio in rank. Even in 1402 the monastery was surrounded by gardens, such as a description of the Spanish ambassador Ruy Gonzáles de Clavijo is apparent. He also describes the many-colored floor of the church. After the capture of the city by the Ottomans in 1453, the St. George monastery was looted and destroyed, components found in the Mehmet II. Fatih ( 1467 ) erected Serail use. The park has been maintained and provided with some buildings; in the eastern corner was a zoo.

The construction of a railroad caused severe damage and destroyed the apse of St. George's Church.

Important events that took place here

  • When Emperor Alexios I on August 15, 1118 in Manganapalast lay dying, his son John with the help of his relatives, especially his brother, Isaac Sebastocrator steel, the convent and took the imperial signet ring from his father's hand. Then he rode with armed retinue in the Grand Palace, where the people cried him to the emperor. This was Nikephoros Bryennios, the husband and favorite of the emperor's daughter Anna Comnena, off.
  • About 1184 Konstantinos Dukas macro and Andronikos Dukas, charged with violation of the imperial majesty of Andronikos I., were stoned to death and impaled against the Manganapalast.
  • The Patriarch John XI. Beccos (1275-1282), who advocated the union of the Catholic and the Orthodox Church, a long time took place in St. George Monastery in Mangana refuge.
  • The patriarch of Isaiah (1323-1334) was because of his involvement in the dispute between Andronikos II and Andronikos III. imprisoned in the monastery.
  • The Emperor John Cantacuzenus (1347-1354) retired after his abdication in the monastery as a monk and wrote back Joasaph theological and historical writings.
  • Markos Eugenikos, the Metropolitan of Ephesus was buried after his death on June 23, 1444 here.

History of Research

The site was investigated in 1921-22 by the French archaeologist Robert Demangel and Ernest Mamboury. Due to an expansion of the railroad led the Istanbul Archeology Museum by 1976 rescue excavations. During the restoration of the city walls and the area of ​​Mangana was cleaned and examined. Here, there were components of the Polyeuctus Church and components that had already been described by Demangel and Mamboury.

Constantine IX Monomachos Manuel I Komnenos Protosyncellus Seraglio Alexios I Komnenos John II Komnenos Nikephoros Bryennios the Younger Anna Komnene Constantine Makrodoukas Andronikos I Komnenos Andronikos II Palaiologos Andronikos III Palaiologos Church of St. Polyeuctus
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