Marcin Kromer
Martin Cromer (Polish Marcin Kromer, * 1512 Biecz, Lesser Poland, † March 23, 1589 in Salvation Mountain, East Prussia ) was a theologian, Prince-Bishop of Warmia and chronicler.
Life
Martin Cromer had a father of German descent and was in the forest German settlement Beitsch ( ger. Biecz ) born in Lesser Poland. He studied in Krakow, where he became canon. Later he became secretary and traveling companion of Prince Sigismund and commissioned after his accession to the throne with the order of the National Archives to Krakow.
Martin Cromer was knighted and ambassador at the court of Emperor Charles V, the Pope, later Emperor Ferdinand I.. Cardinal Stanislaus Hosius He accompanied the Council of Trent. Cardinal Hosius made him in 1569 to the Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia. He became coadjutor in 1574 and 1579 even the Prince-Bishop of Warmia. He was first rejected as not born -in- Prussia, but papal pressure on him the Prussian Indignat (jus indigenatus ) was granted. He described himself as Einzögling, which come from Masovia and Poland and is part - German - burly.
He was one of the most learned theologians and the fiercest opponents of the Reformation. His work De origine et rebus gestis Polonorum (Basel, 1555), was considered as the best Polish history; it extends to the death of King Sigismund I and is written in elegant Latin, but often critical. More valuable is its geographical- statistical work Polonia, sive de situ, populist, moribus etc. Poloniae (Basel, 1586).
Cromer described a Gallus Anonymus as the first historian of Poland, which is said to have written a chronicle in 1115. Gallus Anonymus was up to Cromer time mentioned in any documents, but is in Polish universities, the Gallus Anonymus History of Poland compulsory subject.
The sermons of Warmia Bishop Hosius and Martin Cromer are described in German sermons and catechesis of Warmia bishops Hosius and Cromer (F. Hipler, Cologne, 1885)
Cromer counted with Hosius the most important representatives of Catholicism and the Counter-Reformation in Poland and the Prussian Warmia.
Works
- Martini Cromeri de origine et rebus gestis Polonorum libri XXX - On the Origins and History of Poland in 30 volumes in Latin, Polish translation in 1611, (Basel, 1555).
- Martin Cromer: Polonia, sive de situ, populist, moribus etc. Poloniae (Basel, 1586).
A German translation Description of the Kingdom of Poland by Andreas Schott was printed in 1741 in Dan (t ) at tens of George Marcus Knoch:
- Martin Cromer: Description of the Kingdom of Poland. With some Anmerckungen edited by Andreas Schott. Dantzig in 1741 (online).
Schott dedicated the book to Martin Cromer bishop of Warmia Description of the Kingdom of Poland Danzig alderman Valentin Schlieff.