Margaret Eliza Maltby

Margaret Eliza Maltby ( born December 10, 1860 in Bristol, Ohio, USA, † May 3, 1944 in New York City ) was an American physical chemist and women's rights activist.

Life

Margaret Maltby was the daughter of the landowner Edmund Maltby and Lydia J. Maltby, born Brockway. After school, she studied at Oberlin College in Ohio, where in 1882 her Bachelor of Arts made ​​. She then studied natural sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston and graduated there in 1891 with a Bachelor of Science degree. During this time she taught at schools in Ohio and Massachusetts.

To continue its physical research, she decided to go to Germany, where Eduard Riecke and Walther Hermann Nernst, she worked at the University of Göttingen from 1893. In 1895 she obtained the first woman doctor of the University of Göttingen with a dissertation on the method for determining large electrolytic resistors. Then moved to Maltby on to Berlin, where she was the research assistant of Friedrich Wilhelm Kohlrausch at the Physikalisch -Technische Reich Institute in Berlin- Charlottenburg.

1900, she returned to the U.S. and began her teaching career at Barnard College of Columbia University, a college exclusively for women. Your teaching at Barnard College lasted 31 years. In 1903 she was an associate professor, assistant professor in 1910 and full professor in 1913 and chair of the Department of Physics. Her your administrative work at the college had less and less time for their scientific research. In 1931 she finished her teaching. She died in 1944.

Margaret Maltby was passionate woman 's rights activist and dedicated all his life for the equality of women in study and work, especially in the natural sciences. She encouraged her students to not either for study or for the family to decide, but to combine the two as possible. As a longtime leader of the American Association of University Women, she tried also at the political level to their concerns heard. In this role, she called in 1926 a scholarship program for women students into life.

Publications

  • Method for the determination of large electrolytic resistors, (doctoral thesis ), Göttingen, 1895
  • A Few Points of Comparison between German and American Universities, New York, 1896
  • Method for determining the period Electrischer vibrations, Berlin, 1897
  • The electrical conductivity of aqueous solutions of alkali metal chlorides and nitrates, ( with F. Kohlrausch ), Berlin, 1899
  • The Relation of Physics and Chemistry to the College Science Courses, New York, 1915
  • History of Fellowships Awarded by the American Association of University Women, 1888-1929, New York, 1929.
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