Marino Faliero
Marino Faliero (* 1274, † April 17, 1355 in Venice, usually only Marin Falier ) was the 55th Doge of Venice, his vocation took place on September 11, 1354 The family presented with Vitale Faliero, Marino Faliero Ordelafo Faliero and three Doges. .
Life
Faliero was several times a member of the Council of Ten, he was fleet commander in Constantinople Opel and Podesta of Padua, Treviso and Chioggia. As a diplomat he had in Austria, in Genoa, the Hungarian king and the court of Innocent VI. excellent in Avignon. He had participated in the battle on the Bosphorus 1352 as Admiral of the Black Sea Fleet. In Venice, he was a member of a commission to proceed against usury. During his time in the Council of Ten, he had participated in the trial of the conspirators Baiamonte Tiepolo. Faliero was married to Aluicha Gradenigo. He had a daughter, Lucia.
The Dogenamt
Faliero took up his Dogenamt in difficult times. The population of Venice was to fell half because of the plague, which had been introduced in the city since 1347. 1354 occurred in Methoni a bitter defeat of the Venetians against Genoa, a large part of their fleet was captured and burned in Portalonga. 5000 men were taken prisoner, including the fleet commander and former war hero Niccolò Pisani, who could not hold any more offices after his release from the Genoese captivity and was sentenced to a harsh fine.
The Conspiracy
Faliero tried in 1355 in a coup to rise even to the prince, perhaps inspired by the example of other top Italian families. The exact circumstances of the conspiracy are not to reconstruct, as all court records were destroyed during the Damnatio memoriae, and the statements of contemporaries are riddled with contradictory and legends and rumors. The Grand Council had been revealed by spy information about the planned coup, after which a number of conspirators were arrested and a special court was convened. 11 conspirators, including the proto of the Ducal Palace, Filippo Calendario, were hung in front of the Doge's Palace, others were banished from Venice and Faliero himself was on 17 April on the same staircase ( " Scala Foscara " or " Scala del Piombo " because of their lead roofing, removed in 1618 ), on which he had been crowned the previous September to the Doge, beheaded.
Pictures
Is instead a Dogenporträts at the Marino Faliero provided for place in the gallery of Dogenbilder in the hall of the Great Council ( Sala del Consiglio Maggior ) a black banner with the white inscription: Hic est locus Marini Faletri decapitati per criminibus ( Here's the place of crimes decapitated Marino Faliero ). It was attached to this point after his death by Tintoretto, also a sign of the condamnatio memoriae ( the extinction of memory ) of the Doge. The existing paintings to have been painted over with the banner.
Tomb
The Doge was buried in the family chapel of the Faliero in SS Giovanni e Paolo. The grave is not obtained.
Marino Faliero in art, literature and music
- Lord Byron: Marino Faliero, historical tragedy, Paris 1821 ( German 1840).
- Eugène Delacroix: Le Doge Marino Faliero condamné à mort, Paintings, 1826, London.
- Jean François Casimir Delavigne: Marino Faliero, drama in five acts, 1821.
- Gaetano Donizetti: Marino Faliero, Opera; Libretto by Giovanni Emanuele Bidera after the drama of Casimir Delavigne.
- Francesco Hayez: Gli ultimi del Doge Marin Faliero momenti sulla scala detta del Piombo, Paintings, 1867, Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan
- Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann: Doge and dogaressa ( story ), Berlin 1818.
- Carl Wilhelm Kolbe: Doge and dogaressa, Paintings, 1816, Berlin.
- Heinrich Kruse: Marino Faliero, tragedy, Leipzig 1876.
- Algernon Charles Swinburne: Marino Faliero, tragedy, London 1885.
Quote
Stronger was his temperament than his insight, his heart could not find enough of the highest dignity, because with the left foot he had entered the Doge's Palace. Petrarca