Marquard Gude

Marquard Gude, also Gudius ( born February 1, 1635 Rendsburg, † November 26, 1689 in Gluckstadt ) was a German philologist Classic, librarian, book collector and epigraphists.

Life

Gude was a son of Rendsburger Mayor Peter Gude. He first attended school in Rendsburg and 1652-1655 the Academic Gymnasium in Hamburg. At the University of Jena he studied, following his father's wishes, Jura, but also ran his own inclinations accordingly, historical and philological studies.

For a short time he also studied at the universities of Leipzig and Erfurt. In February 1658 he moved to Frankfurt, where at the local Prorector Johann Joensen he remained for seven months, who had been his teacher in Rendsburg. From there he traveled to Holland to Johann Friedrich Gronovius. He was towards the end of 1659 all the traveling of a noble and rich young Dutchman by the mediation. With this, Samuel coulter (including Shas ) from The Hague, he undertook from 1660 until the beginning of 1664 an extensive grand tour through France and Italy, each with longer stays in cities like Paris and Rome. On these trips Gude began in the libraries manuscripts of classical literary works transcribe and collate. Likewise, he made copies of inscriptions, partly after the originals, partly from handwritten older collections.

After returning to Holland he remained for 6 years with coulter, although he in 1664 as a professor at the University of Duisburg, 1668 one was offered those at the academy at Deventer. Only in 1671 he decided to follow a calls as librarian of the Duke Christian Albrecht of Holstein- Gottorp. The following year he married Maria Elisabeth, born Pauli, the only daughter and heiress of Kammerrat Peter Pauli, the highest officials of the Dowager Duchess Maria Elisabeth in Husum. Samuel coulter moved with him to Rendsburg and bequeathed him at his death in 1675 the greater part of its assets, which Gude to still got more wealth.

1677, however, he fell into disgrace with the Duke and moved back to Hamburg. He lived here for four years as a privateer. 1682 he appeared as counsel of Schleswig-Holstein law firm in the service of the Danish King Christian V. This sent him as ambassador in 1683 as Bishop of Münster and Paderborn, Ferdinand von Furstenberg. The Bishop was apparently impressed by Gude and bequeathed him at his death took place in June 1683 his not inconsiderable collection of manuscripts. After Gude had attended the election of a successor of the bishop, he returned to his position at the Schleswig-Holstein law firm. He was soon appointed on the Danish Privy Councillor and now lived mostly in Schleswig; 1689 he moved to Gluckstadt, where he died.

Work

Gude himself apart from some Latin occasional poems and even in Jena he had written, but printed under the name of his compatriot Johann Brandshagen dissertation De Clinicis veteris ecclesiae exercitatio historica only one edition of the hitherto unpublished Greek script of Hippolytus of Rome about the Antichrist ( Paris 1661) published.

His life's work, the inscription collection, he left behind nearly ready for printing in two handsome volumes with notes and index. She came through the mediation of Johann Georg Graevius initially in the hands of a Dutch scholar and alderman to Amersfoort, Kool John, but did not take place with the publication. From the estate of the bookseller Halma acquired the manuscript, but only his heirs could publish it by the Utrecht canon Franz Hessel. From other philological works Gude's comments on the Phaedrus in the output of Pieter the Elder Burmann have been printed (Amsterdam 1698 and passim ) and Valerius Maximus to the issuance of Abraham Torrenius ( Leyden 1726).

Discount

On not always unambiguous manner Gude had built one of the largest Privatbiliotheken of the 17th century. It contained a particularly rich collection of Greek and Latin manuscripts and printed editions of classics with collations for manuscripts and other scholarly asides. After Gude's death, his son Peter tried several times, the library for sale. These appeared in 1706 and 1709 catalogs.

Manuscripts in Wolfenbüttel

Gude's manuscripts were acquired by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in 1710 for the most part of the Herzog August Library in Wolfenbüttel. The Cod ( ices ) Gud ( iani ) include 468 manuscripts from the 7th to the 17th century, of which 365 are medieval. Besides mostly Greek and Latin manuscripts, there are also 23 Arabic manuscripts.

Reference library in Copenhagen

The classic issues with collations as well as some manuscripts had already acquired 1705/6 Johann Albert Fabricius. Along with his literary estate came this by Hermann Samuel Reimarus in the University Library of Copenhagen, which is a part of the Danish Royal Library since 1938.

Gudesche library Rendsburg

Already during his lifetime Gude had discarded duplicates his library; he bequeathed Rendsburgerstrasse St. Mary's Church on the condition that they set up above its located there family grave chapel. Later the centuries neglected library came into the main pastorate and from there into the archives of the Church Rendsburg. Caused a stir in 1998 the discovery of a fragmentary Gutenberg Bible, which was acquired by the North Elbe Church and is now on display in Gottorp Castle, and in 2005 the sale of Sidereus Nuncius Galileo Galilei (1610 ) from the collection of the library.

Writings

• Posthumously: Antiquae inscriptiones Quum Graecae date Latinae olim a Marquardo Gudio collectae nuper a Joanne koolio digestae hortatu consilioque Joannis Georgii Graevii a nunc Francisco Hesselio editae adnotationibus cum eorum. Leovardiae 1731

• Marquardi Gudii et doctorum virorum ad eum Epistolae. Quibus accedunt ex Bibliotheca Gudiana clarissimorum et doctissimorum virorum superiore qui et nostro saeculo floruerunt et Claudii Sarravii Senatoris Parisiensis Epistolae ex eadem bibliotheca auctiores. Curante Petro Burmanno. Ultrajecti 1697 ( editio ultima prioribus correctior. Hagae Comitum. 1714)

• Bibliotheca Exquisitissimis Libris in Theologia Jure, Medicina, Historia Literaria omnique alio Studiorum instructissima Genere: Imprimis autem Multorum a Viris Doctiss. Scaligero, Blondello, Salmasio aliisque emendatorum ac eorum manibus notatorum; Mss codicum Arabicæ Graecae Latinæque Linguae quorum Plurimi lucem Nondum Viderunt præclarissimo uberrimoque Apparatu cum nulla privatarum comparanda / à Viro Illustri Domino Marquardo Gudio ... Summo Studio & delectu congesta quae publication auctione distrahetur Hamburgi Ad. d August 4. An. MDCCVI. Hamburg 1706
• Catalogus insignia ac praestantissimorum codicum mstorum Graecorum, Arab corum, Latinorum ut et librorum cum MSTIs collatorum vel notis Autographis doctorum virorum illustratorum hactenus partim ineditorum quos dum Viveret colligere licuit vi et generoso domino Marquardo Gudio Kiel 1709