Marthe Vogt

Marthe Louise Vogt ( born September 8, 1903 in Berlin, † 9 September 2003 in San Diego, California ) was a German pharmacologist.

Life

Marthe Vogt was the elder of two daughters of Oskar Vogt and Cécile Vogt, both doctors and neuroscientists. The parents worked in 1903 in Neurobiology Laboratory of the Berlin Friedrich- Wilhelm University, later Humboldt University, Oskar Vogt led and the 1914 - again led by Oskar Vogt - Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Brain Research in Berlin-Buch, the later Max Planck Institute for Brain Research in Frankfurt am Main, came up. Marthe Vogt earned doctoral degrees in medicine and chemistry, and then became an assistant at the Berlin Institute of Pharmacology at Paul Trendelenburg. After his early death, she headed the Department of Neurochemistry at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Brain Research. Oskar Vogt's anti- Nazi stance led to his dismissal by the Reich Minister for Science, Art and Education, Bernhard Rust. A Rockefeller Fellowship enabled Marthe, who shared her father's attitude to go from 1935 to 1936 to Henry Hallett Dale at the National Institute for Medical Research in Hampstead in London. Here she met Wilhelm Feldberg, also a Rockefeller Fellow, who had been dismissed in 1933 as a Jew of the University of Berlin. He then worked at the Department of Pharmacology at Cambridge and at the College of the Pharmaceutical Society in London. The chance to build their own working group gave her 1946 John Henry Gaddum at the Department of Pharmacology in Edinburgh. From 1960 to 1966 she headed the Pharmacology Department of the Agricultural Research Council Institute of Animal Physiology in Babraham in Cambridge. There she remained active in retirement until the reduction in their vision prompted her 1990, her ten -years-younger sister Marguerite to San Diego, California emigrate.

Research

Marthe Vogt was Neuropharmakologin. Here are two of their most important discoveries.

First, it has in 1936, proved in their time in Hampstead, along with Dale and Feldberg, acetylcholine, known as Otto Loewi since, a neurotransmitter in the autonomic nervous system is not only, but also the neurotransmitters of the motor neurons to skeletal muscle. Dale in 1936, ie during Marthe Vogt worked with him, get together with Loewi the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine; two, he was awarded for their discoveries of neurotransmitters.

Second, Marthe Vogt in 1954, now in Edinburgh and the only author, demonstrated that the catecholamines noradrenaline and adrenaline in the brain are not only neurotransmitters in the wall of brain blood vessels, but neurotransmitters in neurons of the brain itself ' with acetylcholine were norepinephrine and adrenaline the first ever identified transmitter substances in the brain.

Without Marthe Vogt's discoveries, for example, would not explain the effects of muscle relaxants and psychotropic drugs.

Honors

Marthe Vogt was elected in 1952 as a member of the British Royal Society 1981 he received the Royal Medal of the Society ( The Queen 's Medal ). In 1974 she received the Schmiedeberg Plaque of the German Pharmacological Society. Edinburgh and Cambridge awarded her honorary doctorates.